The Raisin Industry: A practical treatise on the raisin grapes, their history, culture and curingEisen, Gustavus A.
History
The Raisin Industry: A practical treatise on the raisin grapes, their history, culture and curing
Eisen, Gustavus A.
Raisins; Viticulture -- California
_Drying and Curing._--After the grapes are dipped, they must be
immediately dried either in the sun, or in sun and shade alternately, or
entirely in the shade. According to the circumstances attending the
drying of the grapes, the color of the raisins becomes more or less red
or yellow, transparent or opaque. The most perfect amber color is
attained in the shade, while in the sun the color rapidly changes to
reddish, a less desirable color in dipped raisins. The more favorable is
the weather for drying, the choicer will be the raisins, and the better
their color. If the sun is very warm and the chances are otherwise
favorable for drying, the trays should be exposed to the sun only long
enough to have their dip thoroughly evaporated, and for this purpose one
day in the sun may suffice. After this the stacking of the trays is
advisable, and only occasionally may the trays be spread if the drying
does not proceed rapidly enough. Such shade-dried dipped raisins will
assume a beautiful amber-yellow color, and bring several cents more than
those exposed to very warm sun. If, however, the weather is not very
warm, the grapes must be dried in the sun, and the grower has then to be
satisfied with the color that nature will give to his raisins. Dipped
raisins do not necessarily require turning, as they generally dry well
anyhow in from four to six days in fair weather. For this class of
raisins dryers are very useful to help finish the drying. Such dryers
must be almost air-tight, as sandstorms would invariably spoil the
raisins, which, on account of their stickiness, are almost impossible to
afterwards cleanse. Dipped raisins should always be dried on their
trays, and on special drying grounds, which should be so constructed
that no sand can blow on them, or at least so arranged that in case of
rain the sand from the ground will not be splashed over the trays. In
California we have at present no such drying-floors, but it will pay any
one who intends dipping his grapes to construct them either of bricks,
bituminous rock or lumber.
_Stemming, Grading and Packing._--Dipped raisins should be stemmed when
well dried, and then graded in two grades. The proper receptacles for
them are either sacks lined with paper, or twenty-pound boxes, in which
they may be packed without fancy paper, or in the same way as prunes or
other dried fruit. So far no uniform method of packing such raisins has
been adopted in this State.
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