1st. Leaching with water. All soluble salts may be leached with water. The alkali land should be checked and so ditched that the water from each check can be drained into a waste ditch. But, besides these waste ditches, drain ditches should be made for the purpose of draining off the water, say to a depth of four feet below the surface. The _modus operandi_ consists in first flooding the soil, and while the check is yet full the floodgates are opened and the water drawn off into the waste ditch, when the water will carry off the salts which have been dissolved in it. A second or third flooding should be allowed to settle in the soil and be drained off below into the drain ditches. The drawback to common leaching is that under certain circumstances the water may deposit its alkali in lower strata, especially if they are sandy, and there form hardpan or alkali accumulations. A much better method is under-drainage by means of pipes or gravel drains constructed all through the tract at certain regular distances. This under-drainage, if properly constructed under conditions favorable for its perfect working, is by far the best method of freeing alkali soils from their superfluous salts. To what extent this system is practical depends upon circumstances. To reclaim large districts by this method may not prove economical as long as good land is plentiful and cheap, but where smaller alkali tracts are surrounded by soil, and where it is of importance to get a uniform plantation, under-drainage by pipes or common drains is both the surest and most practical solution of the alkali problem. Under-drainage is strongly recommended by Prof. E. W. Hilgard, who has repeatedly pointed out its value, and who has called the author’s special attention to this as yet little understood remedy. 2d. Deep and constant plowing. Deep and frequent plowing acts in various ways. By being mixed with a larger quantity of soil, the alkali is diluted sufficiently to not cause any serious injury to the crops, the damage generally being done near the surface. Constant plowing also prevents evaporation, which carries the alkali to the surface and deposits it there. This method can only be successful when the alkali salts are limited in quantity, and no one need expect to be able to rid badly charged lands from their alkali by plowing it under. 3d. By plowing under green or dry crops. If grain can be made to grow on the alkali land at all the turning under of it, either green or dry, will in course of time greatly reduce the alkali. The turned-under stubble or straw forms in decaying an acid, which in many instances will combine with and counteract the effects of the alkali. Similarly, straw stacks spread on alkali spots and plowed under will considerably reduce the alkali. But manure containing ammonia and other salts should not be used, as it will, on the contrary, only increase the alkali by adding other or similar salts to those already in the soil.