The Relation of the Hrólfs Saga Kraka and the Bjarkarímur to Beowulf: A Contribution To The History Of Saga Development In England And The; Scandinavian CountriesOlson, Oscar Ludvig
History
The Relation of the Hrólfs Saga Kraka and the Bjarkarímur to Beowulf: A Contribution To The History Of Saga Development In England And The; Scandinavian Countries
might be introduced; but Hott's childish actions encumbered him at a
time when they would be very provoking and it might be necessary for
Bjarki to have command of all his resources to gain a victory.
In the scene that follows the slaying of the dragon, it seems at first
sight that an incongruous element has been introduced. That Hott is
compelled to eat some of the dragon's heart is good saga-material, as is
evident from the similar episode in the _Volsungasaga_ (i.e., Sigurd's
eating some of Favnir's heart); but the dragon is also a troll, and
there is no sanction in saga-literature for eating a troll's heart and
drinking a troll's blood to gain strength and courage. Trolls have
always been regarded as detestable beings; and in drinking the blood of
a troll, it might seem that one would acquire detestable qualities. But,
on the one hand, the difficulty, if indeed story-tellers of the time
regarded the matter as presenting a difficulty, was unavoidable without
a reconstruction of the whole story; on the other hand, so far as the
monster was a dragon, no difficulty would be involved, and so far as the
monster had the nature of a troll, the heart-eating and blood-drinking
would certainly be regarded as imparting strength. In such scenes as
this it is never the intention that one who eats the heart of a dragon
or drinks an animal's blood shall acquire all the characteristics of the
animal; every scene of this kind would then be ridiculous from any point
of view. The eating and drinking are done to gain strength and courage,
as is the case here; and it is not proper to subject this scene to a
more critical judgment than similar scenes in other sagas. The strength
of a troll was certainly not to be despised; and we find this particular
episode sanctioned in a way in the _Bjarkarímur_, where it is said that
after Hjalti had drunk of the blood of the wolf, he became, not as
strong as a wolf, but "as strong as a troll." In view of the fact that
the troll is a troll-dragon, that the eating of its heart associates the
episode very closely with the similar episode in the _Volsungasaga_, and
that the _rímur_ magnify Hjalti's strength by saying that it is equal to
that of a troll, it is hypercritical to say that the saga here contains
an incongruous element. And however insistent one may be in maintaining
that the author has introduced an element that is not recognized
saga-material, it must be admitted that he has so skillfully fused it
with good saga-material that it is not probable, as the _rímur_ show,
that contemporary readers found any fault with the episode.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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