The Relation of the Hrólfs Saga Kraka and the Bjarkarímur to Beowulf: A Contribution To The History Of Saga Development In England And The; Scandinavian CountriesOlson, Oscar Ludvig
History
The Relation of the Hrólfs Saga Kraka and the Bjarkarímur to Beowulf: A Contribution To The History Of Saga Development In England And The; Scandinavian Countries
Here we have the idea of a hollow oak with people in it, wolves in the
vicinity, and children at hand who have been hanged, and therefore
presumably dead. Had the cord broken by which they were hanged, they
would certainly have been torn to pieces by the wolves. But especially
striking is the statement that Ivor's dog is concealed in a tree; and
this tree is called "ilex" (holly-oak), the very word used by Saxo to
designate the kind of hollow tree that Hroar and Helgi (he calls them
Harald and Halfdan, as has been stated) are concealed in, under the
pretence that they are dogs. Also, pieces of meat are thrown into the
fires; and Ivor, as soon as the men in the hollow tree beg for mercy,
shoots four wolves and "ceteri omnes lupi in eos qui uulnera pertulerant
irruerunt eosque membratim dilacerantes discerpserunt."[143] Here is
again the idea of meat for wolves and the bodies of animals torn
asunder. The idea of dismembered bodies of children is indeed absent;
but the whole passage in _Meriadoc_ is so suggestive of what we find in
Saxo, even to the hiding of a dog, whose name is given, in an "ilex,"
that it would be remarkable if there was no connection between Saxo's
story and _Meriadoc_.
Again, as has already been stated, Saxo says that Frothi perished in an
underground passage, of smoke and gas. The men who, in _Meriadoc_, were
to execute the prince and princess concealed themselves in a hollow
tree, which had an entrance that was so formed that "depressis humeris,
illam necesse erat subire,"[144] which is suggestive of the stooping
that would probably be necessary in entering an underground passage. But
what is noteworthy in this connection is that, at the entrance to the
tree, Ivor starts a fire "cuius calore fumique uapore inclusos pene
extinxit."[145] Saxo says that Frothi "Vbi dum clausus delitescit,
uapore et fumo strangulatus interiit."[146] Here is the idea of
concealment again, but particularly noteworthy is the suffocation by
"uapore et fumo," the same words that are used in _Meriadoc_. In the
_Hrólfssaga_, the account of the events immediately preceding Frothi's
death resembles more the account of the corresponding events in the
Hamlet story than does Saxo's account; but in the _Hrólfssaga_ also,
Frothi attempts to escape by an underground passage.
The use of wolves' claws and the dismembered bodies of children to
mislead those who might seek to get possession of the boys is the
employment, as Deutschbein has observed, of a form of deceit similar to
that practiced by Joseph's brethren.[147]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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