The Relations of Science and Religion: The Morse Lecture, 1880Calderwood, Henry
Religion
The Relations of Science and Religion: The Morse Lecture, 1880
Calderwood, Henry
Religion and science
There are thus _two spheres_, physical and moral, but _one life_,
brought to harmony under the laws of both spheres. What then is the
bearing of this distinction of spheres on the problem of the efficacy of
prayer, viewing the question only in the light of science and
philosophy? An obvious bearing, in so, far as the conditions of physical
and moral life are set forth and distinguished; but no determining
value for interpretation of the possible influence of prayer as
concerning a life subject at once to physical and moral conditions.
Prayer can be exercised in accordance with scientific teaching, only by
intelligent recognition of the physical conditions of life; in
accordance with philosophy, only by intelligent acknowledgment of the
subordination of physical life to moral. If then, we turn to the
teaching of science, making account of all that it includes as to fixed
laws applicable to ever-varying conditions, there is nothing in it to
warrant the conclusion that there can be no interposition from a higher
sphere in order to secure application of physical law for attainment of
moral ends. The whole product of scientific investigation leaves clear
the possibility of the administration of a moral government in
accordance with subordination of physical law to the attainment of its
higher ends. It does not help the understanding of the government of the
world, but rather hampers our reflection, if it be suggested that there
are two spheres, physical and moral, and that the application of prayer
is restricted to one of these spheres. Human life can not be so severed
into parts; it is a unity self-regulated by harmony of submission to
moral and physical law, and it must be governed by the Supreme Ruler in
the harmonious application of these laws. There is no sphere of life
into which the moral does not enter, and accordingly no sphere within
which prayer, which necessarily rests on moral conditions, may not
apply.
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