[1024] In Wales there had been Druids as there were Bards, but all trace of the second class is lost. Long after the Druids had passed away, the fiction of the _derwydd-vardd_ or Druid-bard was created, and the later bards were held to be depositories of a supposititious Druidic theosophy, while they practised the old rites in secret. The late word _derwydd_ was probably invented from _derw_, "oak," by some one who knew Pliny's derivation. See D'Arbois, _Les Druides_, 81. [1025] For these views see Dottin, 295; Holmes, 17; Bertrand, 192-193, 268-269. [1026] Diog. Laert. i. proem. 1. For other references see Cæsar, vi. 13, 14; Strabo, iv. 4. 4; Amm. Marc. xv. 9; Diod. Sic, v. 28; Lucan, i. 460; Mela, iii. 2. [1027] Suet. _Claud._ 25; Mela, iii. 2. [1028] Pliny, xxx. 1. [1029] D'Arbois, _Les Druides_, 77. [1030] Diod. Sic. v. 31. 4. [1031] See Cicero, _de Div._ i. 41. [1032] Diod. Sic. v. 28; Amm. Marc. xv. 9; Hippolytus, _Refut. Hær._ i. 22. [1033] Amm. Marc. xv. 9. [1034] Cæsar, vi. 14. [1035] Diog. Laert. 6. Celtic enthusiasts see in this triple maxim something akin to the Welsh triads, which they claim to be Druidic! [1036] Bertrand, 280. [1037] Cæsar, vi. 13. [1038] _Trip. Life_, ii. 325, i. 52, ii. 402; _IT_ i. 373; _RC_ xxvi. 33. The title _rig-file_, "king poet," sometimes occurs. [1039] Cæsar, vi. 14. [1040] Cæsar, vi. 13; Strabo, iv. 4. 4. [1041] Strabo, xii. 5. 2. [1042] Their judicial powers were taken from them because their speech had become obscure. Perhaps they gave their judgments in archaic language. [1043] Diod. Sic. v. 31. 5. [1044] Cæsar, vii. 33. [1045] _IT_ i. 213; D'Arbois, v. 186. [1046] Dio, _Orat._ xlix. [1047] _LL_ 93. [1048] _Ancient Laws of Ireland_, i. 22. [1049] Cæsar, vi. 13, 14; Windisch, _Táin_, line 1070 f.; _IT_ i. 325; _Arch. Rev._ i. 74; _Trip. Life_, 99; cf. O'Curry, _MC_ ii. 201. [1050] Cæsar, vi. 14; Strabo, iv. 4. 4. [1051] _Trip. Life_, 284. [1052] Lucan, i. 451. [1053] Diod. v. 31. 4; cf. Cæsar, vi. 13, 16; Strabo, iv. 4. 5. [1054] See p. 248, _supra_. [1055] _RC_ xiv. 29; Miss Hull, 4, 23, 141; _IT_ iii. 392, 423; Stokes, _Félire_, Intro. 23. [1056] Loth, i. 56. [1057] See my art. "Baptism (Ethnic)" in Hastings' _Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics_, ii. 367 f. [1058] Carmichael, _Carm. Gadel._ i. 115. [1059] See p. 206, _supra_. [1060] _IT_ i. 215. [1061] O'Curry, _MS. Mat._ 221, 641. [1062] _RC_ xvi. 34. [1063] Pliny, _HN_ xvi. 45; _Trip. Life_, ii. 325; Strabo, iv. 275. [1064] _RC_ xxii. 285; O'Curry, _MC_ ii. 215. [1065] Reeves' ed. of Adamnan's _Life of S. Col._ 237; Todd, _S. Patrick_, 455; Joyce, _SH_ i. 234. For the relation of the Druidic tonsure to the peculiar tonsure of the Celtic Church, see Rh[^y]s, _HL_ 213, _CB_{4} 72; Gougaud, _Les Chrétientés Celtiques_, 198. [1066] See Hyde, _Lit. Hist. of Ireland_, 88; Joyce, _SH_ i. 239. [1067] Cæsar, vi. 14, ii. 10. [1068] Suetonius, _Claud._ 25. [1069] Pliny _HN_ xxx. 1; Suet. _Claud._ 25.