The religions of ancient Egypt and BabyloniaSayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
Religion
The religions of ancient Egypt and Babylonia
Sayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
Assyro-Babylonian religion; Egypt -- Religion
The religion of ancient Egypt is thus no isolated fact. It links itself,
on the one hand, with the beliefs and religious conceptions of the
present, and, on the other hand, with those of a yet older past. But it is
a linking only; Egyptian religion is no more the religion of ancient
Babylonia than it is modern Christianity. In Egypt it assumed a form
peculiar to itself, adapting itself to the superstitions and habits of the
earlier inhabitants of the land, and developing the ideas which lay latent
within it. It was characterised by the inexorable logic with which each of
these ideas was followed to its minutest conclusions, and at the same time
by the want of any attempt to harmonise these conclusions one with the
other, however inconsistent they might be. It was also characterised by a
spirit of creativeness; the Egyptian created new religious conceptions
because he was not afraid to follow his premisses to their end.
But he was intensely practical. Abstractions as such had little attraction
for him, and he translated them into material form. The symbolism of his
system of writing favoured the process: even such an abstract idea as that
of “becoming” became for him a “transformation” or “change of outward
shape.” In spite, therefore, of the spirituality and profundity of much of
his theology, his religion remained essentially materialistic. The gods
might indeed pass one into the other and be but the manifold forms under
which the ever-changing divine essence manifested itself, but this was
because it was one with nature and the infinite variety which nature
displays. Even the supreme god of Khu-n-Aten incorporated himself at it
were in the visible orb of the sun.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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