[Footnote 8: The course of lectures on The Religions of Chinese Asia (which included most of the matter in this book), given by the author in Bangor Theological Seminary, Bangor, Me., in April, 1894, was upon the Bond foundation, founded by alumni and named after the chief donor, Rev. Ellas Bond, D.D., of Kohala, long an active missionary in Hawaii.] [Footnote 9: This is the contention of Professor Kumi, late of the Imperial University of Japan; see chapter on Shintō.] [Footnote 10: In illustration, comical or pitiful, the common people in Satsuma believe that the spirit of the great Saigo Takamori, leader of the rebellion of 1877, "has taken up its abode in the planet Mars," while the spirits of his followers entered into a new race of frogs that attack man and fight until killed--Mounsey's The Satsuma Rebellion, p. 217. So, also, the _Heiké-gani_, or crabs at Shimonoséki, represent the transmigration of the souls of the Heiké clan, nearly exterminated in 1184 A.D., while the "Hōjō bugs" are the avatars of the execrated rulers of Kamakura (1219-1333 A.D.).--Japan in History, Folk-lore, and Art, Boston, 1892, pp. 115, 133.] [Footnote 11: The Future of Religion in Japan. A paper read at the Parliament of Religions by Nobuta Kishimoto.] [Footnote 12: The Ainos, though they deify all the chief objects of nature, such as the sun, the sea, fire, wild beasts, etc., often talk of a Creator, _Kotan kara kamui_, literally the God who made the World. At the fact of creation they stop short.... One gathers that the creative act was performed not directly, but through intermediaries, who were apparently animals."--Chamberlain's Aino Studies, p. 12. See also on the Aino term "Kamui," by Professor B.H. Chamberlain and Rev. J. Batchelor, T.A.S.J., Vol. XVI.] [Footnote 13: See Unbeaten Tracks in Japan, by Isabella Bird (Bishop), Vol. II.; The Ainu of Japan, by Rev. John Batchelor; B. Douglas Howard's Life With Trans-Siberian Savages; Ripley Hitchcock's Report, Smithsonian Institute, Washington. Professor B. H. Chamberlain's invaluable "Aino Studies," Tōkiō, 1887, makes scholarly comparison of the Japanese and Aino language, mythology, and geographical nomenclature.] [Footnote 14: M.E., The Mythical Zoölogy of Japan, pp. 477-488. C.R.M., _passim_.] [Footnote 15: See the valuable article entitled Demoniacal Possession, T.J., p. 106, and the author's Japanese Fox Myths, _Lippincott's Magazine_, 1873.] [Footnote 16: See the Aino animal stories and evidences of beast worship in Chamberlain's Aino Studies. For this element in Japanese life, see the Kojiki, and the author's Japanese Fairy World.]