Yet if we consider the Hesiodic poetry as a whole it does bear witness to a great change from the world of Homer. It shows clearly that by the seventh century B.C. man was coming to self-consciousness, that he was endeavoring by reflection to solve some of the deepest problems of life, and that he had already developed a moral code that demanded righteousness in the individual. Hesiod depicts for us a more thoughtful and a more reflective time than that shown us by Homer. How significant this change was I shall try to show in my next lecture. FOOTNOTES: [1] Herod. 2, 53. [2] _Il._ 5, 335 ff.; 855 ff. [3] _Il._ 21, 400-426. [4] _Il._ 1, 531-570. [5] _Il._ 13, 1 ff. [6] _Od._ 5, 1-298. [7] _Il._ 18, 394-405. [8] _Il._ 10, 515 ff. [9] _Il._ 5, 385-391. [10] Cf. _Il._ 23, 382 ff.; _Il._ 5, 335; 855 ff. [11] _Il._ 16, 433 ff. [12] _Od._ 3, 236 ff. [13] _Il._ 24, 209 ff. [14] _Od._ 7, 196 ff. [15] _Od._ 10, 174 ff. [16] _Il._ 6, 486 ff. [17] _Il._ 8. [18] _Il._ 4, 51 f. [19] _Od._ 8, 360-366. [20] _Il._ 1, 544; _Od._ 1, 45; _Il._ 3, 276. [21] _Il._ 20, 1 ff. [22] _Il._ 1, 517 ff. [23] _Il._ 15, 18-22. [24] _Il._ I, 592 ff. [25] _Od._ 13, 296-299; 331 ff. [26] _Il._ 6, 297-310. [27] _Il._ 2, 549; _Od._ 7, 81. [28] _Il._ 2, 371 and often. [29] _Od._ 4, 615 ff.; 15, 115 ff. [30] _Il._ 18, 369 ff. [31] _Od._ 7, 91 ff. [32] _Il._ 18, 417 ff. [33] _Il._ 18, 478 ff. [34] _Il._ 21, 442 ff. [35] _Od._ 13, 162 ff. [36] _Il._ 24, 334 ff. [37] _Od._ 5, 28 ff. [38] _Il._ 2, 5 ff. [39] _Il._ 4, 1 ff. [40] _Il._ 1, 258; cf. 2, 202, 273. [41] _Il._ 3, 179. [42] _Il._ 1, 37-41. [43] _Il._ 8, 236 ff. [44] _Od._ 4, 351 ff. [45] _Il._ 9, 533 ff. [46] _Il._ 1, 65. [47] _Euth._ 14 E; _Alc._ 11, 149 D ff. [48] _Od._ 4, 502 ff. [49] _Il._ 22, 365 f. [50] _Od._ 11, 488 ff. [51] _Il._ 17, 446 f.; 24, 525 f. [52] _Il._ 1, 528 ff. [53] _Or._ 12, 51. [54] _Th._ 220 ff. [55] _W. and D._ 311. [56] _Ibid._ 303 ff. [57] _W. and D._ 286 ff. [58] _Ibid._ 213 ff. [59] _W. and D._ 265 f. [60] _Ibid._ 333 f. [61] _Ibid._ 225 ff. [62] _W. and D._ 274 ff. [63] _Ibid._ 709 ff. [64] _W. and D._ 256 ff. [65] _Ibid._ 252 ff. [66] _W. and D._ 336 ff. [67] _W. and D._ 47-104. [68] _Ibid._ 109-201. [69] _W. and D._ 182 ff. [70] _Ibid._ 174 f. II ORPHISM, PYTHAGOREANISM, AND THE MYSTERIES The seventh and sixth centuries before Christ were marked by important social, philosophic, and religious movements. Of the many causes which brought about these changes, the most easily traced are those of a political and economic nature.