The Republic of Ragusa: An Episode of the Turkish ConquestVillari, Luigi
History
The Republic of Ragusa: An Episode of the Turkish Conquest
Villari, Luigi
Dubrovnik (Croatia) -- History
According to some authorities[299] Vojslav died in 1363, and was
succeeded by his cousin Nicholas Altomanović; according to others[300]
in 1371. The latter date is probably the correct one, the confusion
having arisen from the fact that Nicholas came to reign jointly with
his brother in 1363 or 1364, and after that date we find them both
mentioned in the Ragusan documents. This system of dual or plural
sovereignty, prevalent in Servian lands, caused much trouble, and also
weakened the resistance against the Turkish invaders, as the rival
princes were always quarrelling among themselves and intriguing with
outside foes against each other. At this time a coalition of a number
of Servian princelings and nobles against others was formed, and
produced the most fatal consequences by breaking up the organisation
of the country. During this war the Balšas, in order to consolidate
their power, began to make political and commercial alliances with
their neighbours. For this purpose they applied to Ragusa, requesting
the honour of Ragusan citizenship for themselves. The Senate was well
pleased to accede to this desire, as the Republic was feeling by no
means safe from Vojslav, and Hungarian help delayed in coming. A treaty
of offensive and defensive alliance was concluded, by which it was
agreed that the Balšas should attack Cattaro, Vojslav’s ally, by land
and the Ragusans by sea. The Ragusan envoy, Clemente Dersa, informed
the Balšas that Vojslav was meditating a _coup de main_ on Budua, and
that this would be a serious menace to their territory. Budua is a
small town on the Adriatic, just south of the entrance to the Bocche di
Cattaro. It is of ancient origin, and has one of the earliest municipal
statutes in existence.[301] It was under the direct protection of the
Servian Tsars, who were represented by a _castellano_, and independent
of the vassal feudatories. Ragusa had had a quarrel with the town in
1359 owing to the alleged acts of piracy committed by its inhabitants,
but afterwards peace was made when Budua became in a manner subject to
the Balšas and helped them in their revolt against Servia. During the
hostilities the Cattarini besieged Budua and nearly captured it, taking
a number of prisoners in the sorties, until a Ragusan flotilla came
to the rescue and drove them back.[302] In April 1362 Ragusan ships
blockaded Cattaro by sea, while the Balšas attacked it by land.[303]
During these hostilities the Ragusans captured the property of some
Venetian merchants as contraband of war, and this caused further
unpleasantness with Venice. Cattaro then requested Venetian mediation,
and in January 1362 Paolo Quirini and a Hungarian representative were
sent to Dalmatia to arbitrate, but without success. At last, in August,
the Servian Tsar intervened, and on August 22 peace was signed at
Onogost.[304] All parties regained their former privileges, prisoners
were liberated, and compensation paid for injuries. The chief result
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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