[458] The Archbishopric of Ragusa was usually conferred on an Italian by the Pope, while the canons of the Cathedral were Ragusan nobles. [459] France was at this time (1538) allied to the Turks. [460] Razzi, Engel. [461] Razzi, lib. ii. cap. xiv. [462] Razzi, lib. ii. cap. xv. [463] _The Barbary Corsairs_, p. 105. [464] According to Engel (§ 45), out of 13 Ragusan vessels 7 were lost, and at Isola di Mezzo alone there were 300 widows. [465] Razzi, ii. xvii. [466] Horatio Brown, _Venice_, p. 364. [467] Lorenzo Miniati was then Tuscan consul at Ragusa, and was entrusted with the duty of informing his Government of all the rumours as to the movements of the Turks which he might hear; Makushev, _op. cit._, p. 495. [468] _Ibid._, 501, 1566. [469] Engel, § 45. [470] Razzi, iii. xx. [471] Min. Cons., June 5, 1570; Polizze Off. 5 Ragioni, Feb. 30, 1570. [472] Gelcich, pp. 84 and 87. [473] The Benedictine monastery, which still exists, is built on an island in a salt lake, or rather inlet, communicating with the open sea by a narrow channel. [474] Romanin, _Storia Documentata di Venezia_, vol. viii., Appendix. [475] _Relatione dell’ Orribile Terremoto seguito nella Città di Ragusa, & altre della Dalmatia & Albania_, Venice, 1667. [476] Gelcich, 97. [477] _Rog._, 1667, June 23, and _Div._ 1711, f. 58, dd. Feb. 3. [478] Quoted by Gelcich, 98. [479] The population of the island before the earthquake is said to have been 14,000, but this is probably an exaggerated estimate. It now barely supports 500. [480] Gelcich, 98. [481] Among the killed was George Crook, the Dutch ambassador to the Porte, and his family and four servants, who had arrived at Ragusa four days before the earthquake on their way to Constantinople; the rest of his suite, including Jakob Vandam, Dutch consul at Smyrna, were saved. Vandam wrote an account of this calamity in his _Old and New State of Dalmatia_. [482] T. G. Jackson, _Dalmatia_, vol. ii. pp. 387-88. [483] It consisted of five galleons and seven carracks, with a total burden of 7200 _carra_. [484] Fra Benedetto Orsini (Miniati), quoted in Gelcich’s _I Conti de Tuhelj_, p. 87. [485] Small barques. [486] Gelcich, _ibid._ [487] Ragusan Archives, 1600—lxix. 2119, in Gelcich, _Tuhelj_, 104. [488] Gelcich, _Tuhelj_, 128. [489] Farlati-Coleti, _Illyricum Sacrum_, iv.; Engel, § 49. [490] Engel, § 59. [491] A. A. Paton, _Highlands and Islands of the Adriatic_, vol. ii. p. 130 _sqq._ [492] Article ix. and xi. of the Turco-Venetian Treaty; see Rycaut’s continuation of Knolles’s _Turkish History_. [493] Paul Pisani, _La Dalmatie de 1797 à 1815_, Paris, 1893. [494] Oct. 20, 1724, in Farlati, p. 272. [495] Engel, § 53. [496] Why they should have called themselves by the names of those two famous universities is not clear. [497] Engel, § 55. [498] Pouqueville, _Voyage de la Grèce_, vol. i.; Engel, § 56. [499] Pouqueville, _ibid._ [500] Quoted by Pouqueville.