The Republic of Ragusa: An Episode of the Turkish ConquestVillari, Luigi
History
The Republic of Ragusa: An Episode of the Turkish Conquest
Villari, Luigi
Dubrovnik (Croatia) -- History
Of the first twenty years of Venetian rule there is little to
record. Of the counts, only one name is mentioned between 1204 and
1222—Giovanni Dandolo,[105] who may have ruled during the whole
period. But about this time there occurred a curious event in the
history of the town, which is described as a Ragusan version of
the story of Marin Faliero. It is variously represented as having
occurred about 1221-1223 or 1230-1232. The earlier date appears to
be more probable, for reasons which we shall explain. Apparently for
a few years previously Ragusa had been enjoying what was practically
absolute freedom, as no Venetian count had been appointed. In 1221
or thereabouts a certain Damiano Giuda or Juda was elected count by
popular assembly. But instead of resigning the dignity after six
months, which had been the usual period during the intervals of
independence, he continued in office illegally for two years; he
tyrannised over the people, subjected his enemies to arbitrary arrest,
exile, and confiscation, and kept a bodyguard of mercenaries.[106]
The citizens tired of this misgovernment, and were willing to call in
the Venetians once more. A conspiracy was set on foot to bring about
the tyrant’s downfall, under the leadership of his own son-in-law,
Pirro Benessa. What increased the discontent among the Ragusans was
the fact that since the rupture with Venice that Republic had ceased
to protect them against piracy, and their maritime trade suffered in
consequence. Giuda’s arbitrary proceedings had also caused trouble with
the other Dalmatian towns. A group of nobles met to discuss the matter,
and although some, including Vito and Michele Bobali, opposed any
suggestion that Venetian aid should be resorted to, their objections
were overruled, and it was decided to send a deputation to Venice,
headed by Pirro Benessa himself. On its arrival it was well received,
and the Government sent a squadron of six galleys down the Adriatic,
ostensibly to escort the Patriarch of Constantinople. It weighed anchor
at Ragusa, where Benessa landed and visited the tyrant, advising him to
come and pay his respects to the Patriarch and the Venetian admiral.
Not suspecting treachery Giuda agreed, and went on board the principal
galley. He was instantly seized and loaded with chains, and the fleet
sailed away. When he found himself thus outwitted, in a fit of rage
and despair he committed suicide by beating his head against the sides
of the vessel. In exchange for this deliverance the Ragusans agreed to
readmit the Venetian counts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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