Cyrus, the Younger, approximately 423 B.C.-401 B.C.; Greece -- History -- Expedition of Cyrus, 401 B.C.; Iran -- History -- To 640
The palace of Cyrus stood in such a park, called by the Persians a
‘paradise.’ Here he might often be seen, attending to the trees with
the utmost diligence. Here too was a convenient hunting-ground, ready
to his hand, for the forest was full of wild animals who found abundant
pasture in its pleasant glades. One day when Cyrus was out hunting he
was attacked by a she-bear, who dragged him from his horse, and gave
him several wounds before he could kill her. One of his companions came
to his help, and for this service Cyrus rewarded him in so princely a
manner as to make him an envied man.
As a friend, Cyrus was always generous and open-handed, and he
delighted in making small presents as well as great. According to an
old custom, every subject who came to his court brought with him
gifts, and these Cyrus always accepted, but not for himself; he took
them in order that he might divide them among his friends.
Sometimes, at a banquet, if he observed that the wine set before him
was better than usual, he would send away part of it to one of his
friends with some such message as this: ‘Drink this good wine to-day
with your dearest friend.’ Or perhaps the gift would consist of half a
goose or part of a loaf of bread, which would be taken to the friend
with the message, ‘Cyrus has enjoyed this, and desires that you should
taste it also.’
If he gave a promise, or entered into an agreement, it was certain that
he would keep his word. A friendship once formed he ever afterwards
regarded as sacred. Any one who did him a service, whether in war or
in peace, was rewarded tenfold. At the same time, any one who offended
or injured him might expect the most savage retaliation. He is said to
have once prayed to the gods to grant that he might live until he had
repaid all his friends and all his enemies.
As a governor, Cyrus was strictly and sternly just. Well-doers were
encouraged and rewarded, but evil-doers met with immediate punishment;
and as a warning to others, criminals who had been deprived of hands,
legs or eyes, were exposed to view in the most frequented streets. In
the whole empire there were no provinces in which natives and strangers
alike were so secure from robbery and murder as in those governed by
Cyrus.
Meanwhile the Great King Darius II. felt his end approaching, and as he
wished to have both his sons beside his death-bed, he sent for Cyrus
to come to Susa. On receiving the message, the young prince set out at
once for the King’s court, accompanied by Tissaphernes, the satrap of
a neighbouring province, whom he looked upon as one of his friends.
He took with him also a body-guard of three hundred Hellenes, who had
entered his service.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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