The right hand : $b Left-handednessWilson, Daniel, Sir
History
The right hand : $b Left-handedness
Wilson, Daniel, Sir
Left- and right-handedness
place of honour; as when Solomon “caused a seat to be set for the
king’s mother; and she sat on his right hand” (1 Kings ii. 19). Again,
the term is frequently used in opposition to _semol_, left hand; as
when the children of Israel would pass through Edom; “We will go by the
king’s high way; we will not turn to the right hand nor to the left”
(Num. xx. 17).
But a further use and significance of the terms helps us to the fact
that the Hebrew _yamin_ and our _right hand_ are the same. In its
secondary meaning it signified the “south,” as in Ezekiel xlvii. 1:
“The forefront of the house stood toward the east, and the waters came
down from under from the right side of the house, at the south side of
the altar.” The four points are accordingly expressed thus in Hebrew:
_yamin_, the right, the south; _kedem_, the front, the east; _semol_,
the left, the north; _achor_, behind, the west. To the old Hebrew,
when looking to the east, the west was thus behind, the south on his
right hand, and the north on his left. This determination of the right
and left in relation to the east is not peculiar to the Hebrews. Many
nations appear to have designated the south in the same manner, as
being on the right hand when looking to the east. Its origin may be
traced with little hesitation to the associations with the most ancient
and dignified form of false worship, the paying divine honours to the
Sun, as he rises in the east, as the Lord of Day. Thus we find in the
Sanskrit _dakshina_, right hand, south; _puras_, in front, eastward;
_apara_, _paçchima_, behind, west; _uttara_, northern, to the left.
The old Irish has, in like manner, _deas_ or _ders_, on the right,
southward; _oirthear_, in front, east; _jav_, behind, west; _tuath_,
north, from _thuaidh_, left. An analogous practice among the Eskimos,
though suggested by a different cause, illustrates a similar origin
for the terms “right” and “left.” Dr. H. Fink in a communication to
the Anthropological Institute (June 1885) remarks: “To indicate the
quarters of the globe, the Greenlanders use at once two systems.
Besides the ordinary one, they derive another from the view of the
open sea, distinguishing what is to the left and to the right hand.
The latter appears to have been the original method of determining the
bearings, but gradually the words for the left and the right side came
to signify at the same time ‘south’ and ‘north.’”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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