The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.: A Biographical SketchThorpe, T. E. (Thomas Edward)
Science
The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.: A Biographical Sketch
Thorpe, T. E. (Thomas Edward)
Roscoe, Henry E. (Henry Enfield), 1833-1915
CAMFIELD PLACE, HATFIELD, HERTS,
_September 13, 1868_.
In the first place let me thank you for your letter and
congratulations upon the great French discovery! Many of these
Parisian wonders have after all turned out myths—and this last
is, I believe, no exception—the expression “Medaille de Copley”
is, so far as I am aware, the French (and bad French too!) for
the “Bakerian Lecture.” I am, however, none the less obliged
to you for your good wishes on this occasion, and for all the
valuable help which in many ways you gave me.
…
Thanks for your news of my dear friend. I have been very remiss
in not writing to him. Tell him so, please; and ask him to send
me the first proof-sheets of his “Filtration” paper for me to
translate; unless, indeed, you do it yourself, as I am sure you
can perfectly well. Give B[unsen] my kindest regards, and say
that I will write to him soon.
Part II of “Researches on Vanadium,” dealing with the chlorides VCl₄,
VCl₃, and VCl₂, and metallic vanadium, which he obtained by heating the
dichloride in hydrogen, was presented to the Royal Society on June 16,
1869,[18] and his last memoir, treating of the bromides, and of certain
of the metallic vanadates, including vanadinite which he prepared
artificially, on April 7, 1870.[19]
With the mention of a short communication, “On Two New Vanadium
Minerals,” to the _Proceedings of the Royal Society_ for 1876,[20]
and of a lecture on “Recent Discoveries about Vanadium” at the Royal
Institution, the foregoing statement includes all Roscoe’s published
contributions to the history of vanadium. As regards original work, he
handed over the subject to his senior students, and under his inspiration
and direction a considerable number of communications from the Owens
College Laboratory were made to the Chemical Society from Crow (1876),
Bedson (1876), H. Baker (1878), Kay (1880), Brierley (1886), Hall (1887),
and published in the _Transactions of the Chemical Society_.
* * * * *
Other noteworthy contributions by Roscoe to inorganic chemistry are his
study of tungsten compounds, in which he describes for the first time the
existence of the pentachloride WCl₅ and the corresponding pentabromide
WBr₅,[21] and his discovery of uranium pentachloride, UCl₅.[22]
These compounds are of considerable theoretical interest on account of
their “anomalous” character. He also discovered columbium trichloride,
CbCl₃, which he found to have the remarkable property of decomposing
carbon dioxide when heated in that gas with the formation of columbium
oxychloride, CbOCl₃, and carbon monoxide—a reaction not exhibited by
any other metallic chloride (_Chem. Soc. Abstracts_, 1878, 272), and he
determined the vapour densities of the chlorides of lead and thallium
which he showed to be normal.[23]
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