The Rise and Fall of Anarchy in America: From its Incipient Stage to the First Bomb Thrown in ChicagoMcLean, George N.
History
The Rise and Fall of Anarchy in America: From its Incipient Stage to the First Bomb Thrown in Chicago
McLean, George N.
Anarchists -- United States; Haymarket Square Riot, Chicago, Ill., 1886
The most sensational evidence of the trial, as showing the inside
workings of the armed sections of the socialists, and at the same time
the most damaging as indicative of their motives and designs, was that
of Detective Andrew C. Johnson, of the Pinkerton agency, an entirely
disinterested person who was detailed in December, 1884, by his
agency, which had been employed by the First National Bank to furnish
details of the secret meetings which it was known were being held by
revolutionary plotters at various places throughout the city. Johnson
is a Scandinavian, thin-faced and sandy-haired, born in Copenhagen,
and thirty-five years of age. He told his story in a calm, collected,
business-like manner. Mr. Grinnell asked:
"Do you know any of the defendants?" Witness--"I do."
"Name them."--"Parsons, Fielden, Spies, Schwab and Lingg."
"Were you at any time connected with any group of the International
Workingmen's Association?"--"I was."
"What group?"--"The American group."
"Were you a member of any armed section of the socialists of this
city?"--"Yes, sir."
"When did you begin attendance at their meetings?"--"The first meeting
I attended was the 22d of February 1885, at Baum's pavilion. The last
meeting I attended was the 24th of January of this year."
"At whose instance did you go to their meetings?"--"At the instance of
my agency."
"Did you from time to time make reports of what you heard and saw at
their meetings?"--"I did."
Mr. Grinnell passed over to witness a bundle of papers and asked:
"Have you in your hand a report of the meeting of the 22d of February,
1885?"--"Yes, sir."
"Were any of the defendants present at that meeting?"--"Yes, sir;
Parsons was present."
"Refer to your memoranda and tell me what was said by Parsons at that
meeting."--Objected to; overruled.--"Parsons stated that the reason
the meeting had been called in that locality was so as to give the
many merchant princes who resided there an opportunity to attend and
see what the Communists had to say about the distribution of wealth.
He said: 'I want you all to unite together and throw off the yoke.
We need no president, no congressmen, no police, no militia, and no
judges. They are all leeches, sucking the blood of the poor, who have
to support them all by their labor. I say to you, rise one and all, and
let us exterminate them all. Woe to the police or to the military whom
they send against us.'"
"That was where?"--"At Baum's pavilion, corner of Cottage Grove avenue
and Twenty-second street."
"Have you a report of any other of the defendants speaking at that
meeting?"--"No, sir."
"What is the next memorandum that you have?"--"The next meeting was
March 1. That night I became a member. I went to Thielen, who was at
the time acting as treasurer and secretary for the association, and
gave him my name and signified my willingness to join the association.
He entered my name in a book and handed me a red card with my name on
and a number."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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