The Rise of Rail-Power in War and Conquest, 1833-1914Pratt, Edwin A.
History
The Rise of Rail-Power in War and Conquest, 1833-1914
Pratt, Edwin A.
Railroads; Transportation, Military
In regard to the transport of Transvaal troops, difficulties arose at
the outset owing to the absence of data, even of the vaguest character,
as to the numbers of burghers, horses and wagons it would be necessary
to convey by train. Consequently, no military time-tables could be
drawn up, and the traffic demands were met as best they could be when
they were made. No more, however, than eleven trains a day, in each
direction, could be run on the south-eastern branch--a single-track
line, with stations and crossing places about one hour's journey apart.
Concerning the amount of traffic carried, Mr. Steinnetz says:--
The total military traffic to the frontier was not so great
as one would expect, in spite of only a portion of the burghers
having taken up arms. From various districts the commandos
marched mounted, with ox-wagons, to the place of assembly, as
had been the custom in the past, although the use of the railway
would have saved time and trouble to both horses and men. Yet
it was not the first time that the Transvaalers had had the
opportunity of learning the use of railways in warfare. At the
time of the Jameson Raid and the Magato Campaign full use had
been made of them.
Among the railway bridges which the Boers had prepared for destruction,
in case of need, was an iron one of 116 ft. span, the blowing up of
which would have checked the anticipated British invasion of the
Transvaal via Lang's Nek; but the concentration of the British forces
at Dundee and Ladysmith allowed the Boers to enter Natal without
resistance; and they took over, in sections, the working of the Natal
railway in proportion as they advanced. At various stations in northern
Natal long platforms had been specially constructed by the British,
and other arrangements made, to permit of large movements of troops
and especially the detraining of cavalry. These improvements, says Mr.
Steinnetz, came in very handy for the Federal Army. The _personnel_
of the lines had "retired in a great hurry," without attempting any
demolitions or doing any damage to the lines beyond what could be easily
repaired. The Lang's Nek tunnel was "wholly untouched." Mr. Steinnetz
continues:--
The Boers themselves, however, through fear of being
surprised by armoured trains, and for other reasons, gave
the breakdown gangs more work to do. The telegraph line was
destroyed by them for long distances, the track was broken up
and two bridges were damaged. In order to obstruct the retreat
of General Yule from Dundee a bridge of two 30-foot spans on
the Dundee branch line was blown up by the Irish Brigade with
a dynamite charge in the central pier. The damage done was not
very great and was easily repaired. The same ineffective measure
was applied with greater success to a similar bridge over a
small spruit near Waschbank. But even here the repair was not
difficult.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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