Democracy; Great Britain -- Politics and government
Two days later the Archbishop came into the Council in full robes with the
Cross in his hand. Earl Robert, of Leicester, rose to pass sentence upon
him and at once the Archbishop refused to hear him. "Neither law nor reason
permit children to pass sentence on their father," he declared. "I will not
hear this sentence of the King, or any judgment of yours. For, under God, I
will be judged by the Pope alone, to whom before you all here I appeal,
placing the Church of Canterbury under God's protection and the protection
of the Pope."
There were shouts of anger at these words, and some tore rushes from the
floor and flung at him, but no one dared to stop the Archbishop's passage
as he passed from the hall. It was useless to look for help or justice in
England, and that very night Thomas left England for Flanders to appeal to
Rome.
But Pope Alexander could do no more for Thomas than his predecessor had
done for Anselm; only he would not allow any resignation from Canterbury.
Henry himself appealed to the Pope in 1166, fearing excommunication by the
Archbishop; "thus by a strange fate it happened that the King, while
striving for those 'ancient customs' by which he endeavoured to prevent any
right of appeal (to the Pope), was doomed to confirm the right of appeal
for his own safety." The Pope did what he could to arrange a
reconciliation, but it was not till 1170 that the King, seriously alarmed
that Thomas would place England under an interdict, agreed to a
reconciliation.
On December 1st the exile was over, and Thomas landed at Sandwich, and went
at once to Canterbury. There were many who doubted whether there could be
lasting peace between the King and the Archbishop, and while the bishops
generally hated the Primate's return, the nobles spoke openly of him as a
traitor to the King.
The end was near. Thomas, asked to withdraw the sentence of excommunication
he had passed against the Archbishop of York and the Bishop of London and
Salisbury for violating the privileges of Canterbury, answered that the
matter must go before the Pope. The bishops, instead of going to Rome,
hastened to Henry, who was keeping his Court at Bur, in France.
Henry, at the complaint of the bishops, broke out into one of those
terrible fits of anger which overcame him from time to time, and four
knights left the Court saying, "All this trouble will be at an end when
Thomas is dead, and not before." On December 29th these knights were at
Canterbury, and at nightfall, just when vespers had begun, they slew
Archbishop Thomas by the great pillar in the Cathedral. So died this great
Archbishop for the liberties of the Church, and, as it seemed to him, for
the welfare of the people.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account