[229:2] Ignatius, _Letter to the Ephesians_, ch. 10. See Smith and Cheetham, art. on "The Heathen." [229:3] An illustration of what must have been a common practice is found in the case of Eusebius, the Bishop of Vercelli, who made his cathedral church the centre of a wide missionary field. [230:1] Matt. x., 34. [231:1] Neander, _Light in Dark Places_, 417. [232:1] Philostorgius, _Eccl. Hist._, ii., 5. [232:2] To do that Ulfilas had to invent an alphabet. Whether he translated the whole Bible or only a part of it is unknown, since only fragments of his work have come down to us. See Schaff, _Companion to the Greek Testament_, N. Y., 1883, 160; Sozomen, _Eccl. Hist._, ii., 6; Philostorgius, _Eccl. Hist._, ii., 5; Scott, _Ulfilas, Apostle to the Goths_, Lond., 1885. [232:3] Theodoret, _Eccl. Hist._, v., 30. [234:1] On the conversion of the Burgundians, see Socrates, _Eccl. Hist._, ii., 30. [234:2] Richter, 36, n. 6; Bouquet, iv., 49. See Ogg, _Source Book_, § 6. [235:1] Perry, _Franks_, 488. [235:2] Bede, i., 47; Lingard, i., 46; Haddan and Stubbs, i., 22-26; Pryce, _Anc. Brit. Ch._, 31; Tertullian, _Against Judæos_, 7; Gildas; Ogg, _Source Book_, § 8. The early history of the British Church is obscure. By the second century the Gospel had spread through the southern parts of the island. Three British bishops attended the Council of Arles, 314, and others were present at the Council of Sardica in 347 and the Council of Rimini in 359. [235:3] Bede, i., 22. [235:4] _Ibid._, ii., ch. 1. [235:5] Bede, i., 25. See _Nic. and Post-Nic. Fathers_, 2d ser., xii., _Epistles_; Haddan and Stubbs, iii., 5; Cheney, _Readings in Eng. Hist._, N. Y., 1908, 46-52; Ogg, _Source Book_, § 9; Thorne, _Chronicles of St. Augustine's Abbey_; Stanley, _Memorials of Canterbury_. See Allies, _Hist. of Ch. in Eng._ [236:1] Bede, i., 26. See Green, _Short Hist. of Eng. People_, ch. 1, § 1. [236:2] He went over to Arles, France, to be consecrated. Bede, i., 27. [236:3] Bede, i., 32. [237:1] Until about seventy-five years previous Rome herself had used the same method of calculation. Dionysius Exiguus, a Scythian monk, who instituted the practice of dating events from the birth of Christ, invented the new method the latter part of the fifth century. See Cutts, _Aug._, 132. [237:2] Skene, ii., 9; Killen, _Eccl. Hist. of Ire._, i., 57. [237:3] Bede, iii., 5. [237:4] Bede, v., 21. The Greeks shaved the head completely. See Cutts, _Aug._, 136. [237:5] Bellesheim, _Hist. of Cath. Ch. in Scot._, Edinb., 1887-89, 4 vols., i., 86. [238:1] Warren, _Liturgy and Ritual of the Celtic Ch._, Lond., 1881. [238:2] Haddan and Stubbs, iii., 40. [238:3] This incident is regarded as an interpolation in Bede's History. Hook, _Archbishops of Canterbury_, i., 68, 69. [239:1] Bede, ii., 2. [239:2] _Ibid._, iii., 25, 26. [240:1] Greene, _Short Hist. of Eng. People_, ch. 1, § 1. _Cf._ Love, _Early Eng. Ch. Hist._, Lond., 1893, p. 94.