Bibliographical Note:--There is no complete collection of these False Letters in English. Migne, _Patrologiæ_, cxxx., contains the first complete collection. The famous letters of Pope Nicholas I. are in vol. cxix. The latest and best collection is by Hinschius, Leip., 1863. B.--SECONDARY: I.--SPECIAL: 1.--Döllinger, J. J. I., _Fables Respecting the Popes in the Middle Ages_. N. Y., 1872. 2.--Greenwood, T., _Cathedra Petri_. Lond., 1859. Bk. vii., viii. 3.--Janus (Döllinger), _The Pope and the Council_. 1869. 4.--Lea, H. C., _Studies in Church History_. Phil., 1883. Pp. 43-102. 5.--Lee, G. C., _Hincmar_. Balt., 1897. _Am. Soc. of Ch. Hist._, viii. 6.--Newman, J. H., _Essays, Critical and Historical_. Lond., 1888. II., 271-5; 320-35. 7.--Oman, C., _The Dark Ages_. Lond., 1893. 8.--Prichard, J. C., _Life and Times of Hincmar_. Lond., 1849. Bibliographical Note:--The best special discussions are not in English. Among them are, Blondel, _Pseudo-Isidorus et Turrianus Vapulantes_. Geneva, 1628; Theiner, _De Pseudoisidor. canonum collectione_. Bres., 1826; Kunst, _De Fontibus et Consilio Pseud. collect._ Gött., 1832; Wasserschleben, _Beiträge zur Geschichte der falschen Dekretalen_. Bres., 1844; Weizsäcker, _Hinkmar und Pseudoisidor_, 1858; Schrörs, _Hincmar Erzbischof von Rheims, sein Leben und sein Schriften_. Freib., 1884; Phillips, _Kirchenrecht_. Reg., 1845. II.--GENERAL: Adams, 234. Allen, 50. Alzog, ii., 194-211. Butler, ch. 61-62. Coxe, lect. 5, sec. 4-6. Creighton, i., 12. Crooks, 331. Darras, iii., 18. Döllinger, iii., ch. 4, sec. 7. Emerton, 76. Fisher, 24, 169. Fitzgerald, ii., 28-54. Foulkes, ch. 7. Gieseler, ii., 324. Gilmartin, i., ch. 37. Greenwood, iii., ch. 6, 7. Hase, 184. Hurst, i., 494. Jennings, i., ch. 8. Kurtz, i., 511. Milman, iii., 58, 190. Milner, ii., 190. Moeller, ii., 160-164. Mosheim, i., 187, 414, 420. Neander, vi., 101, 110, 117, 122, 128. Robertson, bk. 4, ch. 1. Schaff, iv., 266-273. Sheldon, ii., 122. FOOTNOTES: [326:1] A decretal, in the strict canonical sense, is an authoritative rescript of a Pope given in reply to some question propounded to him, just as a decree is an ordinance enacted by him, with the advice of his clergy, but not drawn from him by previous inquiry. See Gieseler, pd. 2, ch 3; _Cath. Encyc._ [326:2] Janus, _The Pope and the Council_; Lea, _Stud. in Ch. Hist._, 46. [328:1] Theiner. [328:2] Moehler. [328:3] Kunst, Wasserschleben, Döllinger, Moeller, Hatch. [330:1] Other collections had been made in the East. See Smith and Cheetham, art. on "Canon Law." [331:1] Henderson, 319. [332:1] _Inferno_, bk. xix., 112-118. [332:2] _De Concordia Catholica_, bk. iii., 2. [332:3] _De Reform. Eccl._, c. 5.