THE COLVER LECTURES IN BROWN UNIVERSITY 1923 THE RISE OF UNIVERSITIES BY CHARLES H. HASKINS COLVER LECTURES HUMAN LIFE AS THE BIOLOGIST SEES IT BY VERNON KELLOGG Published by HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY BROWN UNIVERSITY. THE COLVER LECTURES, 1923 THE RISE OF UNIVERSITIES BY CHARLES HOMER HASKINS GURNEY PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE DEAN OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES HARVARD UNIVERSITY [Illustration] NEW YORK HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY 1923 COPYRIGHT, 1923 BY BROWN UNIVERSITY PRINTED IN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO MY STUDENTS IN THREE UNIVERSITIES 1888-1923 The Colver lectureship is provided by a fund of $10,000 presented to the University by Mr. and Mrs. Jesse L. Rosenberger of Chicago in memory of Mrs. Rosenberger’s father, Charles K. Colver of the class of 1842. The following sentences from the letter accompanying the gift explain the purposes of the foundation:-- “It is desired that, so far as possible, for these lectures only subjects of particular importance and lecturers eminent in scholarship or of other marked qualifications shall be chosen. It is desired that the lectures shall be distinctive and valuable contributions to human knowledge, known for their quality rather than their number. Income, or portions of income, not used for lectures may be used for the publication of any of the lectures deemed desirable to be so published.” Charles Kendrick Colver (1821-1896) was a graduate of Brown University of the class of 1842. The necrologist of the University wrote of him: “He was distinguished for his broad and accurate scholarship, his unswerving personal integrity, championship of truth, and obedience to God in his daily life. He was severely simple and unworldly in character.” The lectures now published in this series are:-- 1916 _The American Conception of Liberty and Government_, by Frank Johnson Goodnow, LL.D., President of Johns Hopkins University. 1917 _Medical Research and Human Welfare_, by W. W. Keen, M.D., LL.D. (Brown), Emeritus Professor of Surgery, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. 1918 _The Responsible State: A Reëxamination of Fundamental Political Doctrines in the Light of World War and the Menace of Anarchism_, by Franklin Henry Giddings, LL.D., Professor of Sociology and the History of Civilization in Columbia University; sometime Professor of Political Science in Bryn Mawr College. 1919 _Democracy: Discipline: Peace_, by William Roscoe Thayer. 1920 _Plymouth and the Pilgrims_, by Arthur Lord. 1921 _Human Life as the Biologist Sees It_, by Vernon Kellogg, Sc.D., LL.D., Secretary, National Research Council; sometime Professor in Stanford University. 1922