The ritual and significance of the Winnebago medicine danceRadin, Paul
Religion
The ritual and significance of the Winnebago medicine dance
Radin, Paul
Thesis (Ph. D.); Winnebago Indians -- Rites and ceremonies
Precisely the same ritual that we found among the Ojibwa-Menominee—the
initiation-shooting complex; that is, initiation associated with
shooting, the transference of the otter-skin bag and of a shell, plus
a number of incidental elements—occurs in the general ceremony. This
complex intervenes between the performance of the basic ritual by
the North and West Bands. There is absolutely nothing in the basic
ritual preceding or following the initiation that could possibly be
interpreted as a preparation for the latter. As it is found there,
the initiation seems quite out of place, and conveys forcibly the
impression of being intrusive. The general ceremony is by no means
terminated when initiation is over; but the West Band continues with
its performance of the basic ritual as though there had been no
interruption, even though the interval between North’s and West’s
performance of the basic ritual generally lasts a number of hours. The
initiation ritual is, on the whole, treated as an incidental feature.
It can certainly not be the main or most important ritual of the
general ceremony. As a matter of fact, it occurs only in the day ritual
of that ceremony. In the night ritual it is absent. A ritual of which
shooting is one of the essential features occurs in the latter, but, as
we shall see later, this has nothing to do with the initiation.
That the shell and the shooting are unquestionably considered necessary
and essential for initiation, is borne out conclusively by the numerous
references in the speeches. We must therefore not permit the position
of the initiation ritual in the general ceremony to interfere with its
interpretation as a real initiation into the society. However, this
position may have been due to secondary causes. It is quite impossible
to determine them definitely now; but it is possible, by studying the
significance and nature of the basic ritual, to explain to a very large
extent the reason for the position of the initiation ritual.
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