From the above form _lam_, _lem_, _lim_, I take to be formed by metathesis _alm_, _elm_, _ilm_. And the lake Ilmen in Russia I take to be in effect the same word as the lake Leman in Switzerland. In the name of another lake in Russia, the Karduanskoi-ilmen, it seems to occur as an appellative. A certain amount of doubt is imported by the coincidence of two names in which we find a sacred character--the river Almo, which was sacred to Cybele, and a sacred fountain Olmius mentioned in Hesiod. The coincidence, however, may be only accidental. 1. _England._ The ALME. Devonshire. The HELME. Sussex. ALUM Bay in the Isle of Wight? _Germany._ ILMA, 8th cent. The ILM, two rivers. The HELME in Prussia. _Holland._ The ALM in Brabant. _Norway._ The ALMA. _Spain._ The ALHAMA. Prov. Navarra. _Italy._ The ALMO near Rome. _Russia._ The ALMA in the Crimea. _Siberia._ The ILLIM. _Greece._ OLMEIUS ant. Bœotia. 2. _With the ending en._ _Germany._ The ILMEN(AU). Joins the Elbe. _Russia._ ILMEN. Lake. 3. _With the ending el._ _Holland._ The ALMELO. Prov. Overijssel. Perhaps from the Gael. _foil_, slow, gentle, we may get the following. 1. _England._ The FAL by Falmouth. _Ireland._ The FOIL(AGH). Cork. The FEALE. Munster. 2. _With the ending en._ _Scotland._ The FILLAN. Perthshire. 3. _With the ending es._ _Germany._ FILISA, 8th cent. The FILS and the VILS. In the third division of this chapter I put the names in which the sense of spreading seems to be found. This sense may have three different acceptations--first, that, generally, of a wide river--secondly, that of a river relatively broad and shallow--thirdly, that of a river forming an estuary at its mouth.