Footnote 408: See Introduction, p. 15. Footnote 409: Huschke (_Röm. Jahr_, 17) tried to prove that the Lemuria was the ‘Todtenfest’ of the Sabine city, the Feralia that of the Latin; but his arguments have convinced no one. Footnote 410: _Fasti_, 5. 423. Footnote 411: _G. B._ ii. 157 foll.; Macdonald, _Religion and Myth_, ch. vi. Footnote 412: Introduction, p. 10. Footnote 413: Tylor, _Prim. Cult._ ii. 24. The friendly attitude is well illustrated in F. de Coulanges’ _La Cité antique_, ch. ii. Footnote 414: On Hor. _Ep._ 2. 2. 209. Footnote 415: Non. p. 135. Cp. Festus, s. v. faba: ‘Lemuralibus iacitur larvis,’ i. e. ‘the bean is thrown to _larvae_ at the Lemuralia.’ Serv. _Aen._ 3. 63. Footnote 416: _de Genio Socratis_, 15. The passage is interesting, but historically worthless, as is that of Martianus Capella, 2. 162. Footnote 417: _Fasti_, 5. 451 foll.; Porph. l. c. Remus, as one dead before his time, would not lie quiet: ‘Umbra cruenta Remi visa est adsistere lecto,’ &c. Footnote 418: See e. g. Von Duhn’s paper on Italian excavations, translated in the _Journal of Hellenic Studies_ for 1897. Footnote 419: ‘Habent vincula nulla pedes’ (_Fasti_, 5. 432). In performing sacred rites a man must be free; e. g. the Flamen Dialis might not wear a ring, or anything binding, and a fettered prisoner had to be loosed in his house (Plut. _Q. R._ 111). Cp. Numa in his interview with Faunus (Ov. _Fasti_, 4. 658), ‘Nec digitis annulus ullus inest.’ Serv. _Aen._ 4. 518; Hor. _Sat._ 1. 8. 24. Footnote 420: _Manes_ must be here used, either loosely by the poet, or euphemistically by the house-father. Footnote 421: It is curious to find them used for the very same purpose of ghost-ridding as far away as Japan (Frazer, _Golden Bough_, ii. 176). For their antiquity as food, Hehn, _Kulturpflanzen_, 459; Schrader, _Sprachvergleichung_, 362. Footnote 422: A. Lang, _Myth_, &c., ii. 265; Jevons, _Roman Questions_, Introd. p. lxxxvi; O. Crusius, _Rhein. Mus._ xxxix. 164 foll.; and especially Lobeck, _Aglaoph._ 251 foll. For superstitions of a similar kind attached to the mandrake and other plants see Sir T. Browne’s _Vulgar Errors_, bk. ii. ch. 6; Rhys, _Celtic Mythology_, p. 356 (the berries of the rowan). Footnote 423: There was a notion that beans sown in a manure-heap produced men. Cp. Plin. _H. N._ 18. 118 ‘quoniam mortuorum animae sint in ea.’ Footnote 424: Gell. 10. 15. 2 (from Fabius Pictor). Footnote 425: Serv. _Ecl._ 8. 82; Marq. 343 note. Mannhardt, _A. W. F._ 269, attempts an explanation of the difficulty arising here from the fact that in historical times the calendar was some weeks in advance of the seasons, but without much success. Footnote 426: This note is wrongly entered in the Fasti Venusini, under May 16. Footnote 427: