If he had written Genius _Iovius_, after the manner of the Iguvian inscription, with its adjectival forms which preserve a reminiscence of the older spirit-world, he might have been nearer the mark. It may be that we get back to Jupiter himself as the Genius _par excellence_, but there is no direct proof of this. The genius of a god is a late idea, as Mr. Jevons points out in a note to _Roman Questions_, p. liii. Footnote 589: Livy, 22. 9; Ovid, _Fasti_, 6. 241 foll.; Aust, _de Aedibus sacris_, p. 19. Footnote 590: Livy, 23. 31 and 32; Marq. 270. Footnote 591: Marq. 358 foll.; Article ‘Sibyllini libri’ in _Dict. of Antiquities_, ed. 2. Footnote 592: Livy, 22. 9, 10; 23. 30, 31. Footnote 593: Ad _Aen._ 1. 720. Footnote 594: Plut. _de Fort. Rom._ 5. 10; Cic. _Nat. Deor._ 2. 61. Aust (_de Aedibus sacris_, p. 19) puts it in B.C. 115, in Scaurus’ consulship. Footnote 595: Ovid, _Fasti_, 6. 219 foll.; Festus, 250, s. v. _Penus_: ‘[Penus vo]catur locus intimus in aede Vestae, tegetibus saeptus, qui certis diebus circa Vestalia aperitur. Ii dies religiosi habentur.’ Footnote 596: For the meanings of _nefastus_ and _religiosus_ see Introduction, p. 9; Marq. 291. Footnote 597: No doubt this was done, and the lines composed, in order to please Augustus and reflect the revival of the old _religio_. Footnote 598: Varro, _L. L._ 6. 32. Footnote 599: Vol. xiv, No. 28. Footnote 600: p. 53. Footnote 601: Marq. 250. In the Andaman Islands both sons and daughters take part in the work of maintaining the fires (Man’s _Andaman Islands_, quoted by Mr. Frazer, op. cit. p. 153). Footnote 602: See my article ‘Sacerdos’ in _Dict. of Antiquities_, ed. 2. Footnote 603: Vesta herself was originally simply the fire on the hearth (Frazer, op. cit. 152). Note that the flame was obtained afresh each year on March 1, even in historical times, by the primitive method of the friction of the wood of a ‘lucky’ tree (Festus, 106), or from the sun’s rays. We are not told which priest performed this rite. Footnote 604: Middleton, _Rome in 1885_, p. 181 foll. Footnote 605: This belief, and the nature of the treasures, are fully discussed by Marquardt, p. 251, with additions by Wissowa. Footnote 606: Cp. Petronius, _Sat._ 44 (of the aquaelicium). Footnote 607: _Fasti_, 6. 395 foll. Footnote 608: Above, p. 110. Footnote 609: As the beast that usually worked in mills? There is a Pompeian painting of this scene (Gerhard, _Ant. Bild._ pl. 62). Footnote 610: Varro, _L. L._ 6. 32 ‘Dies qui vocatur Q. St. D. F. ab eo appellatur quod eo die ex aede Vestae stercus everritur et per Capitolinum clivum in locum defertur certum.’ It is Ovid who tells us it was thrown into the Tiber (_Fasti_, 6. 713). Footnote 611: Jordan, _Tempel der Vesta_, p. 63. Footnote 612: