The Roman Poets of the Republic, 2nd editionSellar, W. Y. (William Young)
History
The Roman Poets of the Republic, 2nd edition
Sellar, W. Y. (William Young)
Latin poetry -- History and criticism
case, we should have expected to have found in his numerous fragments
allusions to events even earlier than the Censorship of P. Cornelius
Lupus or the wars with Viriathus. Moreover the notices of his relation
to Scipio and Laelius, as in the 'discincti ludere' of Horace, and in
the story told by the Scholiast on that passage, of Laelius coming on
them, when the poet was chasing Scipio round the table with a napkin,
seem to indicate the familiar footing of a much younger to older men.
His birth-place was Suessa Aurunca in Campania. Juvenal calls him
'Auruncae magnus alumnus.' He belonged to the equestrian order, a fact
indicated in the passage in which Horace speaks of himself as 'infra
Lucili censum.' The Scholiast on that passage mentions that he was on
the mother's side grand-uncle to Pompey--a relationship confirmed by a
passage in Velleius, who mentions that the mother of Pompey was named
Lucilia.
His satires were written in thirty Books. The remaining fragments
amount to about 1100 lines. Most of these are single lines, preserved
by grammarians as illustrative of the use of words. The amount and
variety of these, if they had no other value, would at least be
suggestive of the industry with which grammatical and philological
research into their own language was carried on by Roman writers.
Some fragments are found in ancient commentaries on the Satires and
Epistles of Horace. The longer passages are quoted by Cicero, Gellius,
Lactantius, and others. The Books from i. to xx. were written in
hexameters; Book xxii., apparently, in elegiacs, a metre which had
hitherto been employed only in short epigrams. Of the intervening Books
between xxii. and xxvi. there remains only one line[291]. Books xxvi.
and xxix., from which a large number of lines have been preserved, were
written in trochaics and iambics. The last Book (xxx.) was written
in hexameters. From the fact that the trochaic and iambic metres
had been chiefly employed by the older writers of saturae, it seems
probable that Lucilius made his first attempts in these metres, that he
afterwards adopted the hexameter, and that in one or two of his latest
books he attempted to write continuously in elegiacs. The allusions in
Book xxvi. to the Spanish wars and to the 'exploits of Cornelius,' and
the statement of his reasons for coming forward as an author, render it
not improbable that this Book was the earliest in order of composition.
It was in this Book that he appeared most conspicuously as the censor
and critic of the older writers, a position not unlikely to have been
assumed, at the very outset of his career, by one who claimed to
initiate a change in Roman literature.
The first impression produced by reading these fragments, as they have
been arranged by Müller or Lachmann, is one of extreme desultoriness
and discursiveness of treatment. The words applied by Horace to
Lucilius,--
Garrulus atque piger scribendi ferre laborem,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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