The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd editionSellar, W. Y. (William Young)
History
The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd edition
Sellar, W. Y. (William Young)
Latin poetry -- History and criticism
It might perhaps have been expected that a writer of such prodigal
invention and so popular and national a fibre as Plautus would
have chosen rather to set before his countrymen a humorous image of
themselves, than to transport them in imagination to Athens and to
exhibit to them those well-used conventional types of Greek life and
manners. But, in the first place, the mere fact that it was more easy
for him to adapt than to create would have been a sufficient motive
to so careless and unconscious an artist. Again, the state-censorship
exercised by the magistrates who exhibited the games would naturally
deter a poet, who did not wish to encounter the fate of Naevius,
from any direct dealing with the delicate subject of Roman social and
family life. The later writers of the _fabulae togatae_ seem for the
most part to have reproduced the life and personages of the provincial
towns in Italy. The position not only of the magistrate but even
of the citizen at Rome was invested with a kind of dignity and even
sanctity, which it would have been dangerous to violate in a public
spectacle. Further, the very novelty and unfamiliarity of the ways of
Greek life would be more stimulating to the rude imagination of that
age than a reproduction of the everyday life of Rome. It requires
a more cultivated fancy to recognise incidents, situations and
characters suited for art in actual experience, than to appreciate the
conventional types of older dramatists. It is a noticeable fact that
Shakspeare places the scene of only one of his comedies in England,
and that he too introduces the English names and characteristics of
Bottom, Snug, Peter Quince, etc., as Plautus does those of Saturio
or Curculio into an imaginary representation of Athenian life. But
whatever were his motives for doing so, Plautus professes to introduce
his hearers to a representation of Greek manners and morals. His
frequent use of the word _barbarus_ in reference to Italian or Roman
ways, his use of Latinised Greek words and actual Greek phrases, the
Greek names of his personages, the dress in which they appeared,
the invariable reference to Greek money, perhaps the actual scene
presented to the eye, the frequent mention of ships unexpectedly
arriving in harbour, the names of the foreign towns visited, etc.,
would all tend to remind the audience that they were listening to an
action and witnessing a spectacle of Greek life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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