The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd editionSellar, W. Y. (William Young)
History
The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd edition
Sellar, W. Y. (William Young)
Latin poetry -- History and criticism
The weakness as well as the strength of ancient science lay in its
perception of analogies. The mind of Lucretius was both under the
influence of earlier analogical conceptions, and also shows great
boldness and originality in the logical and poetical apprehension
of 'those same footsteps of Nature, treading on diverse subjects or
matters.' But, in common with the earlier enquirers of Greece,
he trusts too implicitly to their guidance through all his daring
adventure. He seems to believe that the hidden properties of things
are as open to discovery through this 'lux sublustris' of the
imagination, as through the 'lucida tela' of the reason.
To take one prominent instance of this influence, it is remarkable
how, in his explanation of our mundane system, he is both consciously
and unconsciously guided by the analogy of the human body. Even
Lucretius, living in the very meridian of ancient science, cannot in
imagination absolutely emancipate himself from the associations of
mythology. He is indeed conscious of the inconsistency of attributing
life and sense to the earth: yet not only does he speak poetically of
Earth being the creative mother, Aether the fructifying father of
all things, but his whole conception of the creation of the world
is derived from a supposed likeness between the properties of our
terrestrial and celestial systems, and those of living beings. Thus we
read--
Undique quandoquidem per caulas aetheris omnis
Et quasi per magni circum spiracula mundi
Exitus introitusque elementis redditus extat[22].
Of the growth of plants and herbage it is said--
Ut pluma atque pili primum saetaeque creantur
Quadripedum membris et corpore pennipotentum,
Sic nova tum tellus herbas virgultaque primum
Sustulit, inde loci mortalia saecla creavit[23].
From v. 535 to 563 the power of the air in supporting the earth 'in
media mundi regione' is compared with the power which the delicate
vital principle has in supporting the human body. Again, the gathering
together of the waters of the sea is thus represented--
Tam magis expressus salsus de corpore sudor
Augebat mare manando camposque natantis[24].
And finally, though it would be easy to multiply such quotations, the
striking account, at the end of the second book, of the growth and the
decay of our world is drawn directly from the obvious appearances of
the growth and decay of the human body; e.g.--
Quoniam nec venae perpetiuntur
Quod satis est neque quantum opus est natura ministrat[25].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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