The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd editionSellar, W. Y. (William Young)
History
The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd edition
Sellar, W. Y. (William Young)
Latin poetry -- History and criticism
While his belief in the Gods is thus expressed in vague outline and
poetical symbolism, yet it is clear that as he recognised a secret,
orderly, and omnipotent power in Nature, so also he recognised the
ideal of a purer and serener life than that of earthly existence.
These two elements in all true religion, a reverential acknowledgment
of a universal power and order, and a sense of a diviner life with
which man may have communion, were part of the being of Lucretius. His
denial of supernatural beliefs extended not only to all the fables
and false conceptions of ancient mythology, but to the doctrine of a
Divine Providence recompensing men, here or hereafter, according to
their actions. The intensity of his nature led him to identify all
religion with the cruel or childish fables of the popular faith. The
certainty with which he grasped the truth of the laws and order of
Nature was incompatible with the only conception he could form of a
Divine action on the world. His deep sense of human rights and deep
sympathy with human feeling rebelled against a belief in Powers
exercising a capricious tyranny over the world, and exacting human
sacrifice as a propitiation of their offended majesty. His reverence
for truth and his sense of the power and mystery of Nature led him to
scorn the virtue attributed to an idolatrous and formal worship. This
attitude of religious isolation, not more from his own time than from
the subsequent course of thought, in a man of unusual sincerity
and earnestness of feeling, is certainly among the most impressive
phenomena of ancient literature. The spirit in which he denies the
beliefs of the world is far from resembling the triumph of a cold
philosophy over the religious associations of mankind. He is moved
even to a kind of poetical sympathy with some of the ceremonies
and symbols of Paganism. A sense of religious awe,--a sympathetic
recognition of the power of religious emotion over the hearts of
men,--is expressed, for instance, in the lines which describe the
procession of Cybele through the great cities and nations of the
world. While guarding himself against the pollution of a base
idolatry, he yet acknowledges not only the power of religious
associations to entwine themselves with human affections, but the
intrinsic power of the truths symbolised in that worship; viz. the
truth of the majesty of Nature, and of the duties arising from the
elemental affections to parents and country. In regard to all his
religious impressions his intensity of feeling and imagination seems
to place him on a solitary height, nearly as far apart from the
followers of his own school as from their adversaries[11].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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