The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd editionSellar, W. Y. (William Young)
History
The Roman Poets of the Republic, 3rd edition
Sellar, W. Y. (William Young)
Latin poetry -- History and criticism
Nature herself might utter this reproof to all weak complaining: "Thou
fool, if thy life hath given thee joy, and all its blessings have not
been poured into a leaky vessel, why dost thou not leave the feast
like a satisfied guest, and take thy rest contentedly? But if all has
hitherto been to thee vanity and vexation of spirit, why seek to add
to thy trouble? I can devise or frame no new pleasure for thee. "There
is no new thing under the sun"--"eadem sunt omnia semper."' To the
weak complaint of age, Nature would speak with sterner voice: 'Away
hence with thy tears and thy complainings. It is because, unable to
enjoy the present, thou art ever weakly longing for what is absent,
that death has come on thee unsatisfied.' 'This would be, indeed, a
just charge and reproof. For the old order is ever yielding place to
new; and life is given to no man in possession, to all men for use.
The time before we were born is a mirror to us of what the future
shall be. Is there any gloom or horror there? Is there not a deeper
rest than any sleep?'
'The terrors of the unseen world are but the hell which fools make
for themselves out of their passions[16]. The torments of Tantalus,
of Tityus, of Sisyphus, and the Danaides, are but symbols of the
blind cowardice and superstition, of the craving passions, of the
ever-foiled and ever-renewed ambition, of the thankless discontent
with the natural joy and beauty of the world, which curse and degrade
our mortal existence. The stories of Cerberus and the Furies, and of
the tortures of the damned are creations of a guilty conscience,
or the projections into futurity of the experiences of earthly
punishment.'
Other consolations are suggested by the thoughts of those who have
gone before us. Echoing the stern irony of Achilles--
[Greek:
alla, philos, thane kai su; tie olophyreai houtos?
katthane kai Patroklos, hoper seo pollon ameinon][17]--
he reminds us that better and greater men than we have died,--kings
and soldiers, poets and philosophers, the mightiest equally with the
humblest. In the spirit, and partly too in the words of Ennius, he
enforces the thought that 'Scipio, the thunderbolt of war, the terror
of Carthage, gave his bones to the earth as if he were the meanest
slave.' 'Why, then, should one whose life is half a sleep, who is the
prey of weak fears and restless discontent, complain that he too is
subject to the common law? What is this wretched love of life, which
makes us tremble at every danger? Death cannot be avoided; no new
pleasure can be forged out by longer living. This evil of our lot is
not inflicted by Nature, but by our own craving hearts, which cannot
enjoy, and are yet ever thirsting for longer life[18].'
The power of the whole of this passage depends partly on the vividness
of feeling and conception with which the thought is realised, partly
on the august and solemn associations with which it is surrounded.
Such graphic touches as these--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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