The Roman Wall: A historical, topographical, and descriptive account of the barrier of the lower isthmus, extending from the Tyne to the Solway, deduced from numerous personal surveysBruce, J. Collingwood (John Collingwood)
History
The Roman Wall: A historical, topographical, and descriptive account of the barrier of the lower isthmus, extending from the Tyne to the Solway, deduced from numerous personal surveys
Bruce, J. Collingwood (John Collingwood)
Great Britain -- Antiquities, Roman; Walls, Roman -- Great Britain
Rejoining the Wall, Haltwhistle-burn-head is the first object of
interest that we meet with in our course westward. The burn, to which
important reference will presently be made, is derived from the
overflowings of Greenlee-lough. Between its source, and the gap by which
it passes the ridge on which the Wall stands, it is called the Caw-burn;
below that point it bears the name of Haltwhistle-burn.
As the width of the defile, and the passage of the stream, render this a
weak point in the barrier, the two lines of fortification approach very
near to each other; they afterwards again diverge.
Westward of Burn-head farm-house, the fosse is boldly developed, but the
Wall is traceable only in the ruins of its foundation. As we proceed
onwards to Great Chesters, the foundations of a mile-castle which has
stood half to the north of the Wall, and half within it, may be, though
not without careful scrutiny, observed. The tower which formerly stood
at Portgate is the only other known example of a similar arrangement.
[Sidenote: GREAT CHESTERS.]
ÆSICA, or Great Chesters, is the tenth stationary camp on the line of
the Wall. Its superficial contents are 3 acres, 35 poles. The ramparts
and fosse are clearly defined. The southern gateway may be traced; it is
nearer the eastern than the western side. A double rampart of earth
seems to have given additional security to the western side, which, by
situation, is the weakest. A vaulted room in the centre of the camp
still answers very correctly to the description given of it in 1800 by
Dr. Lingard, (quoted by Hodgson, II. iii. 203.)
It is 6½ feet square, and 5 feet high. It was descended by steps, and
had, at the opposite end to its entrance, a sort of bench, raised on
mason work, 2½ feet wide and high, and covered with a slab of stone.
The roof consisted of six similar and contiguous arches of stone, each
15 inches broad. It had also one pillar. The floor had on it a great
quantity of ashes, was flagged, and on raising one of the stones, a
spring gushed out, which converted the vault into a well.
About one hundred and fifty yards south of the station, in a field which
has for years been furrowed by the plough, the remains of a building of
somewhat rude construction have just been discovered. Its floor,
consisting, for the most part, of the usual compost, is nearly a foot
thick. Further examination would probably disclose, in its vicinity, the
foundations of numerous suburban buildings.
An ancient road leads from the southern gateway of the station to the
great military way which ran from CILURNUM to MAGNA.
[Sidenote: ÆSICA.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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