The Roman Wall: A historical, topographical, and descriptive account of the barrier of the lower isthmus, extending from the Tyne to the Solway, deduced from numerous personal surveysBruce, J. Collingwood (John Collingwood)
History
The Roman Wall: A historical, topographical, and descriptive account of the barrier of the lower isthmus, extending from the Tyne to the Solway, deduced from numerous personal surveys
Bruce, J. Collingwood (John Collingwood)
Great Britain -- Antiquities, Roman; Walls, Roman -- Great Britain
_WHITLEY CASTLE_ is the modern name of another outpost, which is
situated on the Maiden-way, as far south of the Wall as Bewcastle is
north of it. An imperfect inscription found here, and described by
Camden and Horsley, commemorates the dedication of a temple to
Caracalla, in his fourth consulship (A.D. 213), by the third cohort of
the Nervii. As the Notitia places the third cohort of the Nervii at
ALIONIS, it is conceived that such may have been the ancient designation
of the camp at Whitley Castle. The station stands upon the gently
inclining side of a hill, about two miles north of the town of Alston.
The railway approaches within a few furlongs of it. The form of the camp
is peculiar, being that of a trapezoid, whereas the usual figure is that
of a parallelogram. In another respect it differs from all the other
camps that we have hitherto examined; it is surrounded by an
extraordinary number of earthen entrenchments. On the western side,
which is the most exposed, there are no fewer than seven ditches, with
corresponding ramparts, and on the north, four. These earth-works are in
a state of wonderful preservation. The strength of these lines, and the
comparative absence, both within and without the station, of Roman
stones, render it probable that the garrison trusted to breastworks of
earth, rather than of masonry. The general level of the camp is elevated
above the surface of the contiguous ground, in consequence, probably, of
the mass of ruins which it contains. Its whole area, including the
entrenchments and ditches, amounts to nine acres.
A large altar procured from the station is in the neighbouring farm
house; the inscription is illegible, but it has on the upper part of its
four sides, a carving in bold relief.
[Sidenote: ROMAN DUNGHILL.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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