The Romance of the Microscope: An interesting description of its uses in all branches of science, industry, agriculture, and in the detection of crime, with a short account of its origin, history, and developmentEaland, C. A. (Charles Aubrey)
History
The Romance of the Microscope: An interesting description of its uses in all branches of science, industry, agriculture, and in the detection of crime, with a short account of its origin, history, and development
Ealand, C. A. (Charles Aubrey)
Microscopes; Microscopy
Many beautiful crystals may be obtained by dissolving various
substances in gelatine or gum. The method is simple. Gently warm
a little gelatine, to which is added an equal volume of water, in
a chemist’s test-tube. When the gelatine has all dissolved make a
saturated solution of the substance, from which crystals are derived.
Green or blue vitriol are good subjects for the experiment. Add a
little of the saturated solution to the gelatine and stir with a glass
rod, taking care to avoid the formation of air bubbles. A little of
the mixture may now be placed in a thin film on a slide covered with a
cover slip and left to cool. Examination when cool under the microscope
will show lovely fern-like crystals, whose beauty rivals that of ice
crystals familiar to us on our window panes during hard weather in the
winter. Barium chloride also produces very beautiful fern-like crystals
when treated in this manner. Chlorate of potash, familiar to most of
us as a remedy for sore throat, forms crystals totally dissimilar to
those substances we have named. Having made as many crystals as we wish
from water and also from gelatine solutions, we may turn our attention
to gum arabic. The method of obtaining crystals from this substance
is exactly similar to that described for gelatine except, of course,
that we substitute gum for gelatine. This work is of the greatest
interest, for not only does it yield wonderfully beautiful objects for
our microscope, but it is a hobby full of surprises. When we are about
to examine a new crystal for the first time we can never so much as
hazard what shape it will assume. Sugar, it may be mentioned, does not
crystallize at once from a saturated solution in water, and the best
method of obtaining the crystals is to warm the slide, on which we have
placed a drop of solution, and then when dry to set aside for a day; at
the end of that time, especially if the air be moist, the crystals will
have formed.
We shall find it interesting to try experiments in mixing two different
substances, then we shall probably obtain crystals totally unlike those
of either of the ingredients. As an example of this method, let us
make a saturated solution of a mixture of blue vitriol and magnesium
sulphate in water. Place a drop of the solution on a slide, heat over
a flame, not only till dry, but till the substance left on the slide
begins to melt. We must use every care not to crack the slide, and this
may best be accomplished by keeping it moving while over the flame.
Now if we watch our object through our microscope we can witness the
formation of wonderful feathery crystals, as the slide cools.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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