The Royal Institution: Its Founder and First ProfessorsJones, Bence
History
The Royal Institution: Its Founder and First Professors
Jones, Bence
Davy, Humphry, Sir, 1778-1829; Royal Institution of Great Britain; Rumford, Benjamin, Graf von, 1753-1814; Young, Thomas, 1773-1829
Not the least strange fact in the history of this original man is that
during his life he received no thanks for all that he did for the Royal
Institution. Moreover at the present time he is scarcely known as the
finder of Davy and the founder of that place where very many of the
greatest scientific discoveries of this century have been made.
For the account of the origin and progress of the Institution I have
searched the minutes of the meetings of the managers, the proprietors,
and the members. I am much indebted to Earl Spencer, who has lent me
from the Althorp library a printed copy of the first prospectus of the
Royal Institution. This was written by Count Rumford. I have found
many forgotten things in the manuscript letters to and from Sir Joseph
Banks, to which I have had access by permission of the Knatchbull
family; also in a manuscript life of Mr. Webster, the architect of the
Royal Institution theatre; and in some letters which belonged to Mr.
Savage, the clerk and first printer at the Institution, and for which I
am indebted to his daughters.
For the sketch of the lives of Dr. Garnett and of Dr. Young I have been
able to find very little original matter.
For the life of Sir Humphry Davy I have met with some new facts in
his laboratory note-books. These books give most of his daily work at
the time when he was making his great discoveries regarding chemical
electricity, the alkalies, and chlorine. I have also had the use of
the notes by Faraday of four of the last lectures given by Davy at the
Institution. This is the manuscript volume sent to Davy by Faraday
when he asked to be employed at the Institution. It consists of 386
small quarto pages. Davy at this time was thirty-three, and Faraday was
twenty-one. The one was full of energy to profit by the excellence
he could follow, or to shun the evil he could foresee; the other had
long reached the climax of his success by his youthful popularity as a
lecturer and his early renown as a discoverer; and was about to make a
rich and an unsuitable marriage; and before long was to suffer from the
restlessness of the failing health that ended in fatal disease.
Whenever a true comparison between these two nobles of the Institution
can be made, it will probably be seen that the genius of Davy has been
hid by the perfection of Faraday.
Incomparably superior as Faraday was in unselfishness, exactness,
and perseverance, and in many other respects also, yet certainly in
originality and in eloquence he was inferior to Davy, and in love of
research he was by no means his superior.
Davy, from his earliest energy to his latest feebleness, loved
research; and, notwithstanding his marriage, his temper, and his early
death, he first gained for the Royal Institution that great reputation
for original discovery which has been and is the foundation of its
success.
H. B. J.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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