The ruined cities of Mashonaland: Being a record of excavation and exploration in 1891Bent, J. Theodore (James Theodore)
History
The ruined cities of Mashonaland: Being a record of excavation and exploration in 1891
Bent, J. Theodore (James Theodore)
Extinct cities -- Zimbabwe -- Mashonaland; Great Zimbabwe (Extinct city)
We were now in the immediate neighbourhood of Mount Wedza, the highest
point in Mashonaland, with an elevation of over 6,000 feet above sea
level. It is for the most part a dark forest-clad ridge, and it is from
here that the natives of Gambidji’s country get the iron ore which they
smelt in their furnaces and convert into tools and weapons. The
villages in this district are entirely given up to the smelting
business, and outside the kraals usually are erected two or more
furnaces. They are still in the Stone Age here, using for anvils and
hammers pieces of hard diorite. One of these villages where we halted
for a while was, to our astonishment, called Smet. Not believing our
ears, we asked again and again, and got the same reply. The only
solution to this strange nomenclature seems to be, that they either got
the name from some Dutch trader or from some enterprising Makalanga who
had been down to work in the Kimberley mines. For long these natives
have been in the habit of doing this, tramping all the way from the
Zambesi to the diamond-fields, and not returning thence until they have
acquired enough wealth to buy a wife or two and settle themselves in
life.
A man from Smet, who was going to ’Mtigeza’s kraal, volunteered to act
as our guide. He carried with him three large iron hoes which he had
made, and for which he expected to get a goat at the kraal. Gambidji’s
country is very extensive, extending nominally from the Sabi to a ridge
which we crossed before reaching ’Mtigeza’s, and most of the
iron-smelting villages recognise his sovereignty.
Two chiefs of the name of ’Mtigeza live around Mount Wedza, both
claiming to be the descendants of the old ’Mtigeza stock. Our ’Mtigeza
was a queer little old man, almost in his dotage, but considered very
powerful by his neighbours, and this was evidenced by the villages
being more in the open, and not seeking protection from rocky heights.
His fortress is a curious one, situated on an extensive plateau 4,800
feet above the sea level, with disjointed low masses of rocks dotted
about. Around the central mass of rocks is ’Mtigeza’s head kraal,
surrounded by palisades, and the rock itself is strongly fortified,
with all the approaches walled up, and for us Europeans it was by no
means easy to reach the summit by means of holes through which we could
hardly squeeze, and slits in the rock through which we could only pass
sideways. On the top is a circular fort built of rough stones and
mortar, and the boast of the people here is that the Matabele have
never been able to take their stronghold. From the fort we had a good
bird’s-eye view over ’Mtigeza’s realm; there are a number of encircling
villages built on similar masses of rock, about half a mile or more
distant. These are governed by the old man’s sons.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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