The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practiceKeith, Arthur Berriedale
History
The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practice
Keith, Arthur Berriedale
Sanskrit drama -- History and criticism
A drama so popular has naturally enough failed to come down to us in a
single recension. [318] Four are normally distinguished, Bengālī,
Devanāgarī, Kāçmīrī, and South Indian, while a fifth may also be
traced. There are, however, in reality, two main recensions, the
Bengālī, with 221 stanzas, as fixed by the commentators Çan̄kara and
Candraçekhara, and the Devanāgarī, with 194 stanzas, of Rāghavabhaṭṭa;
the Kāçmīrī, which supplies an entr’acte to Act VII, is in the main an
eclectic combination of these two representatives of North Indian
texts, and the South Indian is closely akin to the Devanāgarī; Abhirāma
and Kāṭayavema among others have commented on it. The evidence of
superior merit is conflicting; Pischel [319] laid stress on the more
correct Prākrit of the Bengālī and the fact that some readings in the
Devanāgarī are best explained as glosses on the Bengālī text, while
Lévi [320] proved that Harṣa and Rājaçekhara knew the Bengālī recension
in some shape. On the other hand, Weber [321] contended for the
priority of the Devanāgarī; certainly some readings there are better,
and some of the Bengālī stanzas are mere repetitions of others found in
both texts. Unless we adopt the not very plausible view of Bollensen
that the Devanāgarī version is the acting edition of the play revised
for representation, we must hold that neither recension is of
conclusive value: the argument from the Prākrit is not conclusive, for
it may merely rest on the superior knowledge of the copyists from whom
the Bengālī original ultimately issued. [322]
3. KĀLIDĀSA’S DRAMATIC ART
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