The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practiceKeith, Arthur Berriedale
History
The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practice
Keith, Arthur Berriedale
Sanskrit drama -- History and criticism
Act VI reveals Rākṣasa in the capital deeply soliloquizing on the
failure of all his ends, and the fate of his friend. A spy of
Candragupta’s approaches him, and passes himself off as one seeking
death, in despair for Candanadāsa’s fate, on which Candragupta’s mind
is relentlessly set. He warns Rākṣasa that he may not attempt a rescue,
for, when they fear one, the executioners slay the victim out of hand,
and Rākṣasa sees that nothing save self-sacrifice is left for him. The
net is now firmly cast; Act VII sees Candanadāsa led out to death, his
wife and child beside him, a scene manifestly imitated from the
Mṛcchakaṭikā; the wife is determined to die also, but Rākṣasa
intervenes; Cāṇakya and Candragupta come on the scene, and Rākṣasa
decides to accept the office of minister pressed on him by both, when
thus alone he can save, not his own life, but that of Candanadāsa and
his friends. They, indeed, are in sore case, for Malayaketu’s massacre
of the kings has broken the host into fragments, and the apparent
rebels have taken the moment to capture him and his court. As minister,
Rākṣasa is permitted to free Malayaketu and restore his lands,
Candanadāsa is rewarded, and a general amnesty approved.
The interest in the action never flags; the characters of Cāṇakya and
Rākṣasa are excellent foils. Each in his own way is admirable; Cāṇakya
in his undying and just hatred of the Nandas, and Rākṣasa in his
unsparing devotion to their cause, his noble desire to save
Candanadāsa, and his fine submission, for the sake of others, to a yoke
he had purposed never to bear. The maxims of politics in which both
delight may amuse us; they are essentially the Indian views of polity
and give the play a contact with reality which Professor Lévi [427]
wrongly denies; the plots and counterplots of both ministers are the
type in which Indian polity has ever delighted. The minor figures are
all interesting; Siddhārthaka and Samiddhārthaka, gentlemen who even
disguise themselves as Caṇḍālas in the last Act, so that they may serve
Cāṇakya’s aims; Nipuṇaka, whose cleverness in finding the seal
justifies the name he bears; the disguised Virādhaka, the honest
Çakaṭadāsa, the noble Candanadāsa and his wife, the one female figure
in the play. The kings Candragupta and Malayaketu represent the
contrast of ripe intelligence with youthful ardour, and the weak
petulance of one who does not know men’s worth, and who rashly and
cruelly slays his allies on the faith of treachery. Bhāgurāyaṇa, who is
the false friend deluding Malayaketu in Candragupta’s interest, is a
carefully drawn figure; he dislikes the work, but dismisses his
repulsion as essentially the result of dependence which forbids a man
to judge between right and wrong.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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