The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practiceKeith, Arthur Berriedale
History
The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practice
Keith, Arthur Berriedale
Sanskrit drama -- History and criticism
Murāri declares in the prologue to the solitary drama, the
Anargharāghava [480] which has come down to us, though quotations show
that he wrote other works, that his aim is to please a public tired of
terror, horror, violence, and marvels, by a composition elevated,
heroic, and marvellous throughout, not merely at the close. He defends
his choice of the banal subject of Rāma; his character adds elevation
and charm to the poet’s work, and it would be folly to lay aside so
splendid a theme. The Anargharāghava, however, does little to justify
the poet’s confidence in his choice of topic. The theme, treated
already at length by Bhavabhūti, offered no chance of success save for
a great poet, and Murāri was not such a poet save in the estimate of
occasional later writers who extol his depth (gambhīratā) without any
shadow of justification.
Act I shows us Daçaratha in conversation with Vāmadeva. The arrival of
the sage Viçvāmitra is announced; he exchanges with the king hyperbolic
compliments of the most tedious type, but proceeds to business by
demanding the aid of Rāma against the Rākṣasas which are troubling his
hermitage. The king hesitates to send one so young and dear into
danger. The sage insists on his obeying the call of duty, and he hands
over Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa to the care of the ascetic. The herald announces
midday, and the king mourns the loss of his son. In Act II we have
first a long-drawn-out conversation between Çunaḥçepha and Paçumeḍhra,
two pupils of Viçvāmitra, which serves to enlighten us on the history
of Vālin, Rāvaṇa, the Rākṣasas, Jāmbavant, Hanumant, and Tāḍakā. The
entr’acte is followed by the appearance of Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa who
describe the hermitage and the doings of its occupants, and then the
heat of midday. Time, however, does not trouble the dramatist; though
there is no further action and no interruption in the dialogue, we find
ourselves transported to the evening; Viçvāmitra enters and describes
in converse with the boys the sunset. A cry behind the scene announces
the approach of the demoness Tāḍakā; Rāma hesitates to slay a female,
but finally departs for the necessary duty; on his return he has to
describe the rising of the moon. Viçvāmitra then suggests a visit to
Janaka of Mithilā, affording an opportunity for a description of the
city and its ruler.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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