The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practiceKeith, Arthur Berriedale
History
The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practice
Keith, Arthur Berriedale
Sanskrit drama -- History and criticism
Moreover the final benediction is allotted, not to
Arjuna, the hero of the play, but to Vāsava, who appears at the close
of the play in a celestial chariot in company with the Apsarases to
bestow applause and blessing. Prahlādana wrote other works, of which
some verses are preserved in the anthologies, and must have been a man
of considerable ability and merit.
The Kirātārjunīya [557] is a Vyāyoga based on Bhāravi’s epic by
Vatsarāja, who calls himself the minister of Paramardideva of
Kālañjara, who reigned from A.D. 1163 to 1203. Vatsarāja is interesting
as a good specimen of the poet of decadence; we have from him six plays
illustrating each a different type of drama. The Karpūracaritra is a
Bhāṇa of orthodox type; the gambler Karpūraka describes in monologue
his revelry, gambling, and love. The Hāsyacūḍāmaṇi is a farce in one
act which has as its hero an Ācārya of the Bhāgavata school, styled
Jñānarāçi, who professes the possession of supernatural knowledge,
enabling him to trace lost articles and buried treasure, and who
carries out his professions by various tricks and fooleries. He has an
irresistible pupil, who is sadly lacking in respect for his teacher,
and delights in interpreting literally his remarks. The Kirātārjunīya
has no special merit, but is technically interesting; after a Nāndī
celebrating Çiva’s consort, the Sūtradhāra enters, immediately followed
by the Sthāpaka, who insists on his reciting a further Nāndī of the
trident of Çiva, on the score that the play is heroic in sentiment and
should be appropriately introduced. This play was produced later than
the other five, for it came out under Trailokyavarmadeva, successor of
Paramardi. The other three plays, an Īhāmṛga, Ḍima, and Samavakāra will
be noticed below.
We have also a Vyāyoga by Viçvanātha, the Saugandhikāharaṇa, [558] of
about A.D. 1316, which deals with Bhīma’s visit to Kubera’s lake to
fetch water-lilies for Draupadī, his struggle first with Hanumant and
then with the Yakṣas, and his final victory; the Pāṇḍavas meet at
Kubera’s home and Draupadī obtains her desired flowers. Of unknown date
is the Dhanaṁjayavijaya [559] of Kāñcana Paṇḍita, son of Nārāyaṇa,
which deals with the prowess of Arjuna in the defeat of Duryodhana and
the Kauravas when they raid the cattle of Virāṭa, evidently a special
favourite of the dramatic authors. The description of the contest in
which Arjuna uses magic weapons is given by Indra and a couple of his
celestial entourage; the play ends with the giving to Arjuna’s son
Uttarā, daughter of the king Virāṭa, in marriage. A manuscript of A.D.
1328 is extant of the Bhīmavikramavyāyoga [560] of Mokṣāditya, while
the Nirbhayabhīma [561] of Rāmacandra belongs to the second half of the
twelfth century A.D.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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