The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practiceKeith, Arthur Berriedale
History
The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practice
Keith, Arthur Berriedale
Sanskrit drama -- History and criticism
A far more favourable opportunity is afforded to Bhāsa when he derived
his story from the Kathā literature, [173] as is doubtless the case in
the Avimāraka, a drama in six acts. The daughter of king Kuntibhoja,
the young Kuran̄gī, is saved from an elephant by an unknown youth, who,
in reality son of the Sauvīra king, is with his father living as a
member of a degraded caste for a year, as the outcome of a curse. His
low status forbids his aspiring to the princess, but love triumphs, and
the maidens of Kuran̄g, arrange a secret meeting to which the youth
comes in the guise of a thief. But the news leaks out and he must fly;
in despair of reunion he seeks death in the fire, but Agni repulses
him; he would have thrown himself from a rock, but a Vidyādhara
dissuades him, giving him a ring which enables him unseen to re-enter
the palace and save Kuran̄gī, likewise desolated, from suicide. The way
for a happy issue from the impasse is found by the fact that Nārada
reveals the true history of Avimāraka; he is not in fact the son of the
Sauvīra king; he is the son of the god Agni by Sudarçanā, the wife of
the king of Kāçi, who gave him over on his birth to Sucetanā, her
sister, wife of the Sauvīra king. The marriage thus takes place with
the approval of all those connected with the pair.
Equally from the Kathā literature, and in this case from a source known
to us, the Bṛhatkathā of Guṇāḍhya, which, written in Paiçācī Prākrit
has vanished, but is preserved in a version from Nepal and two from
Kashmir, is the subject of the Pratijñāyaugandharāyaṇa, [174] styled in
the prologue a Prakaraṇa, which has four Acts and resembles in part
that form of drama as recognized by the theory, though its hero is the
minister of Udayana, the Vatsa king. The latter goes on an elephant
hunt, armed with his lyre to charm his prey, but is taken prisoner by a
clever trick of his enemy, Pradyota Mahāsena, of Ujjayinī, a
counterfeit elephant being employed for his overthrow. Yaugandharāyaṇa
determines to revenge the king. In Ujjayinī Mahāsena discusses with his
wife the question of the marriage of their daughter Vāsavadattā, when
the news of the capture of Udayana arrives. They decide that she shall
take lessons in music from the captive, and, not unnaturally, the two
fall in love. Yaugandharāyaṇa comes to Ujjayinī in disguise with his
friends, and through his machinations the king is enabled to escape
with Vāsavadattā, though the minister is himself, after a gallant
fight, captured. Mahāsena, however, appreciated the minister’s
cleverness, and has the marriage of the pair depicted. [175]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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