The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practiceKeith, Arthur Berriedale
History
The Sanskrit drama : $b in its origin, development, theory and practice
Keith, Arthur Berriedale
Sanskrit drama -- History and criticism
Of deeper sentiments we need expect nothing from Bhāsa; in this respect
he sets the model for his successors. From Kālidāsa he differs in being
a devotee of Viṣṇu rather than Çiva, but he is equally an admirer of
the established Brahminical order. In the Pañcarātra, [202] the
Pratijñāyaugandharāyaṇa, [203] and in the character of Nārada in the
Avimāraka, [204] we find clearly expressed his appreciation of the high
rank of the Brahmin, and the obligations due to him from kings and
other classes.
Care in the delineation of even minor characters is normally displayed;
the number of these is considerable; sixteen each in the
Svapnavāsavadattā and the Pratijñāyaugandharāyaṇa, about twenty in the
Avimāraka, Abhiṣekanāṭaka, and Pañcarātra, twelve in the Cārudatta, and
about thirty in the Bālacarita. But there are traces of the anxiety of
Bhāsa to avoid adding needlessly to the number of those appearing; in
the Avimāraka neither the king of Kāçi nor Sucetanā appears on the
scene despite their part in the play. The silence of Sītā, though at
the close of the Abhiṣekanāṭaka she appears on the stage, is doubtless
explicable by the same dramatic touch which makes Euripides refuse to
assign any words to Alkestis on her return from the dead.
In technique Bhāsa does not accord entirely with the later rules of the
theorists. The Nāṭyaçāstra, it is true, when it forbids the exhibition
of battle scenes contradicts itself, and Bhāsa freely permits them, as
must have been the case in the primitive drama in which Kṛṣṇa slew
Kaṅsa. The maidens, however, he bids watch the mortal combat of Ariṣṭa
and Kṛṣṇa from afar. Daçaratha’s death he admits; the bodies of Cāṇūra,
Muṣṭika, and Kaṅsa lie on the stage, and Vālin perishes there as well
as Duryodhana, but all these are evildoers, and their death evokes no
sorrow. The same simplicity doubtless accounts for the introduction of
the mythological figures of the Bālacarita, whom we need not imagine to
have been elaborately costumed; they announce their nature or are
described, [205] and the spectator supplies the imagination requisite
to comprehend them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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