Ptolemy calls the islands at the mouth of the Elbe, Σαξόνων νῆσοι τρεῖς. Zeuss considers these to be Föhr, Silt and Nordstrand. Die Deutschen, p. 150. Lappenberg sees in them, North Friesland, Eiderstedt, Nordstrand, Wickingharde and Böcingharde. Thorpe, Lap. i. 87. It seems hardly conceivable that Frisians, who occupied the coast as early as the time of Caesar, should not have found their way by sea to Britain, especially when pressed by Roman power: see Tac. Ann. xiii. 54. Footnote 22: Hengest defeated the Picts and Scots at Stamford in Lincolnshire, not far from the Nene, the Witham and the Welland, upon whose banks it is nearly certain that there were German settlements. Widukind’s story of an embassy from the Britons to the Saxons, to entreat aid, is thus rendered not altogether improbable: but then it must be understood of Saxons already established in England, and on the very line of march of the Northern invaders, whom they thus took most effectually in flank. Compare Geoffry’s story of Vortigern giving Hengest lands in Lincolnshire, etc. Footnote 23: Tac. Hist. iv. 12, about A.D. 69. “Diu Germanicis bellis exerciti; mox aucta per Britanniam gloria, transmissis illuc cohortibus, quas vetere instituto, nobilissimi popularium regebant.” Footnote 24: Dio. Cas. lxxi. lxxii. Gibbon, Dec. cap. ix. At a later period, Probus settled Vandals and Burgundians here: Zosimus tells us (Hist. Nov. i. 68): ὅσους δὲ ζῶντας οἷος τε γέγονεν ἑλεῖν, εἰς Βρεττανίαν παρέπεμψεν· ὃι τὴν νῆσον οἰκήσαντες, ἐπαναστάντος μετὰ ταῦτα τινος, γεγόνασι βασιλεῖ χρήσιμοι. Procopius even goes so far as to make Belisarius talk of Goths in Britain, but the context itself proves that this deserves very little notice. Bell. Got. ii. 6. Footnote 25: Carausius was a Menapian: but in the third century the inhabitants of the Menapian territory were certainly Teutonic. Aurelius Victor calls him a Batavian: see Gibbon, Dec. cap. xiii. Carausius, and after him Allectus, maintained a German force here: “Omnes enim illos, ut audio, campos atque colles non nisi teterrimorum hostium corpora fusa texerunt. Illa barbara aut imitatione barbariae olim cultu vestis, et prolixo crine rutilantia, tunc vero pulvere et cruore foedata, et in diversos situs tracta, sicuti dolorem vulnerum fuerant secuta, iacuerunt.... Enimvero, Caesar invicte, tanto deorum immortalium tibi est addicta consensu omnium quidem quos adortus fueris hostium, sed praecipue internecio Francorum, ut illi quoque milites vestri, qui per errorem nebulosi, ut paullo ante dixi, maris abiuncti ad oppidum Londiniense pervenerunt, quidquid ex mercenaria illa multitudine barbarorum praelio superfuerat, cum direpta civitate, fugam capessere cogitarent, passim tota urbe confecerint.” Eumen. Paneg. Const. cap. 18, 19. Footnote 26: