The Saxons in England, Volume 1 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquestKemble, John Mitchell
History
The Saxons in England, Volume 1 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquest
Kemble, John Mitchell
Great Britain -- History -- Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066
The following pedigrees illustrate the care with which the relations
of the gebúr, and other dependent cultivators on an estate were
recorded. It is probable, nay even certain, that such records were
preserved in all lordships: they were the original court-rolls, by
copy of which the unfree tenants, perhaps also the poor freemen, held,
who were thus the ancient copyholders. The amount of the holdings was
undoubtedly settled by the custom of the county or the manor; and it
is probable that one measure prevailed for all tenants of similar
grades. A record of descents was necessary to regulate the claims of a
lord to the families of his _coloni_, and some extensive system of
registration very probably prevailed: it would be impossible without
it to secure the due operation of the law of _teám_.
“Dudda was a gebúr at Hǽðfeld, and he had three daughters, one was
named Deórwyn, the second Deórswýð, the third Golde. And Wulfláf at
Hǽðfeld hath Deórwyn to wife, Ælfstán at Tæccingawyrð hath Deórswýð to
wife, and Ealhstán, Ælfstán’s brother, hath Golde to wife. There was a
man named Hwíta, the beemaster at Hǽðfeld, and he had a daughter Táte,
the mother of Wulfsige, the bowman; and Wulfsige’s sister Lulle hath
Héhstán to wife, at Wealden. Wifús and Dunne, and Seoloce are inborn
to Hǽðfeld. Duding, the son of Wifús, is settled at Wealden; and
Ceólmund the son of Dunne, also sits at Wealden, and Æðelheáh the son
of Seoloce, also sits at Wealden: and Táte, Cénwold’s sister, Mæg has
to wife at Welgun; and Eádhelm, the son of Hereðrýð, hath Táte’s
daughter to wife. Wærláf, Wærstán’s father, was a right serf at
Hǽðfeld, he held the grey swine[428].”
“᛭ A man named Bráda was a gebúr at Hǽðfeld, and Hwíte was the name of
Brâda’s wife; she was a gebúr’s daughter at Hǽðfeld. Hwíte was
Wærstán’s Wǽðrýð's and Wynburh’s third mother[429]. And Wærstán sits
at Wádtún, and hath Wine’s sister to wife, and Wine hath Wærðrýð to
wife. And Dunne sat at Wádtún, she was inborn to Hǽðfeld: and Deórwyn
her daughter hath Cynewald to wife at Munden: and Deórnáð her brother
is with Cynewald. And Dudde, Wifús’s daughter sits at Wilmundesleá.
Cynhelm, Cénwald’s father, was a gebúr at Hǽðfeld, and Manna,
Cénwald’s son, sits at Wádtún under Eádwald.”
“᛭ Buhe, Dryhtláfs mother-in-law, was removed from Hǽðfeld into
Eslingaden: and Æðelwyn, Eádugu and Æðelgyð were three sisters; and
Tilwine and Dudda, these were all Buge’s children; and Ealhstán
Tilwine’s son, and Wulfsige Eádugu’s son, and Ceólhelm Æðelgyð's son,
and Ceólstán and Manwine. This kin came from [Hǽð]feld; Deórwulf,
Cyneburh’s son, and his two sisters; and Cyneríc at Clæfring is their
uncle. These men are the _magas_ of Táta, the gebúr at Hǽðfeld.” Cod.
Dipl. No. 1353.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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