VI. The Witena Gemót 182 VII. The Towns 262 VIII. The Bishop 342 IX. The Clergy and Monks 414 X. The Income of the Clergy 467 XI. The Poor 497 APPENDIX. A. The Dooms of the City of London 521 B. Tithe 545 C. Towns 550 D. Cyricsceat 559 THE SAXONS IN ENGLAND. ------------------------------------ BOOK II. THE PRINCIPLES AND PROGRESS OF THE CHANGE IN ENGLAND. CHAPTER I. GROWTH OF THE KINGLY POWER. The object of the First Book was generally to give a clear view of the principles upon which the original settlement of the Anglosaxons was founded. But as our earliest fortunes are involved in an obscurity caused by the almost total absence of contemporary records, and as the principles themselves are not historically developed in all their integrity, at least in this country, many conclusions could only be arrived at through a system of induction, by comparing the known facts of Teutonic history in other lands, or at earlier periods, by tracing the remnants of old institutions in their influence upon society in an altered, and perhaps somewhat deteriorated, condition, and lastly by general reasoning derived from the nature of society itself. This Second Book is however devoted to the historical development of those principles, in periods whereof we possess more sufficient record, and to an investigation of the form in which, after a long series of compromises, our institutions slowly and gradually unfolded themselves, till the close of the Anglosaxon monarchy. The two points upon which this part of the subject more particularly turns, are, the introduction of Christianity, and the progressive consolidation and extension of the kingly power; and round these two points the chapters of this Book will naturally group themselves. It is fortunate for us that the large amount of historical materials which we possess, enables us to follow the various social changes in considerable detail, and renders it possible to let the Anglosaxons tell their own story to a much greater extent than in the first Book.