The Saxons in England, Volume 2 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquestKemble, John Mitchell
History
The Saxons in England, Volume 2 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquest
Kemble, John Mitchell
Great Britain -- History -- Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066
There is an instance where the parties to a suit were similarly
circumstanced. The matter was brought into the king’s þeningmanna
gemót in London, and there decided in favour of the plaintiff, a
bishop. But the defendant was not satisfied, and carried the cause to
the shire, who at once claimed jurisdiction and exercised it too,
coming to a decision diametrically opposite to that of the þeningmen
or _ministri regii_. It seems to have been a dirty business on the
part of the bishop of Rochester, and the freemen of Kent so treated
it, in defiance of the King’s Court. Cod. Dipl. No. 1258. The document
is so important, that it appears desirable to give it at full length.
“Thus were the lands at Bromley and Fawkham adjudged to king Eádgár in
London, through the charters of Snodland, which the priests stole from
the bishop of Rochester and secretly sold for money to Ælfric the son
of Æscwyn: and the same Æscwyn, Ælfric’s mother, had previously
granted them thither. Now when the bishop found the books were stolen
he made earnest demand for them. Meanwhile Ælfric died, and he (the
bishop) afterwards sued the widow so long that in the king’s
thanes-court the stolen books of Snodland were adjudged to him, and
damages for the theft, thereto; that was in London, and there were
present Eádgár the king, archbishop Dúnstán, bishop Æðelwold, bishop
Ælfstán and the other Ælfstán, Ælfhere the ealdorman and many of the
king’s witan: then they adjudged the books to the bishop for his
cathedral: so all the widow’s property stood in the king’s hand. Then
would Wulfstán the geréfa seize the property to the king’s hand, both
Bromley and Fawkham; but the widow sought the holy place and the
bishop, and surrendered to the king the charter of Bromley and
Fawkham: and the bishop bought the charters and the land of the king
at Godshill, for fifty mancuses of gold, and a hundred and thirty
pounds, through intercession and interest: afterwards the bishop
permitted the widow the usufruct of the land. During this time the
king died; and then Bryhtríc the widow’s relative began, and compelled
her, so that they took violent possession of the land [brúcon ðára
landa on reáfláce]. And they sought Eádwine the ealdorman, who was
God’s adversary, and the folk, and compelled the bishop to restore the
books on peril of all his property: he was not allowed to enjoy his
rights in any one of the three things which had been given him in
pledge by all the _leódscipe_, neither his plea, his succession, nor
his ownership. This is the witness of the purchase: Eádgár the king,
Dunstan the archbishop, Oswald the archbishop, bishop Æðelwold, bishop
Æðelgar, bishop Æscwig, bishop Ælfstán, the other bishop Ælfstán,
bishop Sideman, Ælfðrýð the king’s mother, Osgar the abbot, Ælfhere
the ealdorman, Wulfstan of Delham, Ælfric of Epsom, and the leading
people [dúgúð folces] of West Kent, where the land and lathe lie.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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