[261] (Transcriber's Note: This footnote does not exist in the original work.) [262] Nelson, _Scandinavians in the United States_ (2nd ed.), 317 ff. [263] _The World Almanac and Encyclopedia_, 1914, 599-609. Instructors Students Prod. Fds. Income Augsburg Seminary 8 173 40,000 20,000 Augustana College 31 629 414,356 101,923 Bethany College (Kan.) 44 893 55,777 93,166 Gustavus Adolphus College 23 348 75,000 35,328 Luther College 16 213 272,408 37,000 St. Olaf College 32 550 250,000 74,000 [264] Interview with Professor G. O. Brohough, August, 1906. See Nelson, _Scandinavians in the United States_, I, 179-180. [265] _Catalogue of Bethany College, 31st Academic Year_ (1912), 54. [266] A. Estrem, "A Norwegian-American College," _Midland Monthly_, I, 605-611. From a religious standpoint, the most noteworthy characteristic of Scandinavians wherever found, is their intense Protestantism. Everywhere and always they are uncompromising enemies of the Roman Catholic church, and there are barely enough Catholics among them in Europe and in the United States to prove that it is possible to convert one of them to that faith. In fact, their dislike of Catholicism is an instinct coming down from Reformation times rather than a matter of experience or close-at-hand observation; but so strong is this feeling that it colors, consciously or unconsciously, their relations in politics and society in the United States. Their distrust of the Irish is at bottom more a religious than a racial instinct, even when it takes an active form. While this dislike and suspicion are still real and large, it has undoubtedly been reduced by the breaking-up of the old rigid lines of Lutheranism, which has taken place in the last two decades in the United States.