If the appending ridge flows off the looping ridge smoothly in such a way that it forms a bifurcation and not an abutment of two ridges at a right angle, the recurve is considered as remaining intact. The test is to trace the looping ridge toward the appendage, and if, when it is reached, the tracing may be continued as readily upon the appendage as upon the looping ridge, with no sudden, sharp change of direction, the recurve is sufficient. Figures 161 to 184 should be studied with this in mind. [Illustration: 161. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 162. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 163. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 164. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 165. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 166. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 167. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 168. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 169. Loop.] [Illustration: 170. Loop.] [Illustration: 171. Loop.] [Illustration: 172. Loop.] [Illustration: 173. Loop.] [Illustration: 174. Loop.] [Illustration: 175. Loop.] [Illustration: 176. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 177. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 178. Tented arch.] [Illustration: 179. Loop.] [Illustration: 180. Loop.] [Illustration: 181. Loop.] [Illustration: 182. Loop.] [Illustration: 183. Loop.] [Illustration: 184. Loop.] Figures 185 to 190 show additional examples of tented arches. [Illustration: 185] [Illustration: 186] [Illustration: 187] [Illustration: 188] [Illustration: 189] [Illustration: 190] The reason that figure 185 is given the classification of a tented arch is because of the presence of all the loop requirements with the exception of one, which is the recurve. In this pattern appear three ending ridges. The lowest ending ridge provides the delta, and the other two by the convention explained previously, provide the ridge count. It is a tented arch, then, of the type approaching the loop, with two of the characteristics, but lacking the third, a recurve. Figures 186 and 187 are tented arches of the same type. A close examination of these prints will reveal that when the imaginary line is drawn between delta and core no ridge count across a looping ridge can be obtained. It must be remembered that the core of a loop may not be placed below the shoulder line. Lacking one of the three characteristics of a loop, these patterns must be classified as tented arches. When figure 188 is examined, it will be noticed that the recurve is spoiled by the appendage abutting upon it between the shoulders at a right angle, so it must also be classified with the tented arches. In figure 189, the only possible delta must be placed upon the looping ridge, thus preventing a ridge count although delta and recurve are present. Figure 190 is assigned the classification of a tented arch. One of the requirements of a loop type is that the ridge enters on one side, recurves, and makes its exit on the side from which it entered. This, of course, makes it necessary that the ridge pass between the delta and the core. It will be noted from this