speech carried by the sword into Britain and other northern sections of it. Mere resemblance of words does not establish identity of class among languages, such a similarity being often found to exist, when in other respects the difference is radical. It requires similarity of idiom and grammatical structure to establish the existence of such an identity. This similarity exists to a remarkable extent between the Gaelic and the Latin. There is not space here for entering into details, but a few examples may be given. There is no indefinite article in either language, the simple form of the noun including in it the article, thus, a man is _fear_, Latin _vir_, the former having in the genitive _fir_, the latter _viri_. The definite article _am_, _an_, _a’_, in Gaelic would seem to represent the Latin _unus_; thus _an duine_ represents _unus homo_. The inflection in a large class of Gaelic nouns is by attenuation, while the nominative plural and genitive singular of such nouns are alike. So with the Latin, _monachus_, gen. _monachi_, nom. plur. _monachi_; Gaelic, manach, gen. manaich, nom. plur. manaich. The structure of the verb is remarkably similar in both languages. This appears specially in the gerund, which in Gaelic is the only form used to represent the infinitive and the present participle. The use of the subjunctive mood largely is characteristic of the Gaelic as of the Latin. The prepositions which are so variously and extensively used in Gaelic, present another analogy to the Latin. But the analogies in grammatical structure are so numerous that they can only be accounted for by tracing the languages to the same source. Another series of resemblances is to be found in the peculiar idioms which characterise both tongues. Thus, possession is in both represented by the peculiar use of the verb _to be_. _Est mihi liber_, there is to me a book, is represented in Gaelic by _tha leabhar agam_, which means, like the Latin, a book is to me.