Lighthouses.--The Eddystone.--Winstanley's Lighthouse, 1696.--The Storm of 1703.--Rudyerd's Lighthouse destroyed by Fire in 1755.-- Singular Death of one of the Lighthouse Men.--Anecdote of Louis XIV. --Smeaton.--Bell Rock Lighthouse.--History of the Erection of Skerryvore Lighthouse.--Illumination of Lighthouses.--The Breakwater at Cherbourg.--Liverpool Docks.--The Tubular Bridge over the Menai Straits.--The Sub-oceanic Mine of Botallack. 80 PART II. THE INHABITANTS OF THE SEA. CHAPTER VIII. THE CETACEANS. General Remarks on the Organisation of the Cetaceans.--The Large Greenland Whale.--His Food and Enemies.--The Fin-Back or Rorqual. --The Antarctic Whale.--The Sperm-Whale.--The Unicorn Fish.--The Dolphin.--Truth and Fable.--The Porpoise.--The Grampus.--History of the Whale Fishery 95 CHAPTER IX. SEALS AND WALRUSES. The Manatees and the Dugongs.--The Seals and the Esquimaux.--King Menelaus in a Seal's Skin.--Barbarous Persecutions of the Seals in Behring's Sea and the Pacific.--Adventures of a Sealer from Geneva. --The Sea Calf.--The Sea Bear.--His Parental Affection.--The Sea Lions.--The Sea Elephant.--The Arctic Walrus.--The Boats of the "Trent" fighting with a Herd of Walruses.--The White Bear.--Touching Example of its Love for its Young.--Chase of the Sea Otter 117 CHAPTER X. SEA-BIRDS. Their Vast Numbers.--Strand-Birds.--Artifices of the Sea-Lark to protect its Young.--Migrations of the Strand-Birds.--The Sea-Birds in General.--The Anatidæ.--The Eider Duck.--The Sheldrake.--The Loggerheaded Duck.--Auks and Penguins.--The Cormorant.--Its Use by the Chinese for Fish-catching.--The Frigate Bird.--The Soland Goose.--The Gulls.--The Petrels.--The Albatross.--Bird-catching on St. Kilda.--The Guano of the Chincha Islands 142 CHAPTER XI. THE REPTILES OF THE OCEAN. The Saurians of the Past Seas.--The Anatomical Structure of the Turtles.--Their Size.--Their Visits to the Shores.--The Dangers that await their Young.--Turtles on the Brazilian Coast.--Prince Maximilian of Neuwied and the Turtle.--Conflicts of the Turtles with Wild Dogs and Tigers on the Coast of Java.--Turtle-catching on Ascension Island.--Tortoise-shell.--The Amblyrhynchus cristatus.--Marine Snakes.--The Great Sea-Snake 172 CHAPTER XII. THE MARINE FISHES.