The Sea and Its Living Wonders: A Popular Account of the Marvels of the Deep and of the Progress of Martime Discovery from the Earliest Ages to the Present TimeHartwig, G. (Georg)
History
The Sea and Its Living Wonders: A Popular Account of the Marvels of the Deep and of the Progress of Martime Discovery from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time
Hartwig, G. (Georg)
Animal behavior; Discoveries in geography; Discoveries in geography -- History; Marine animals; Marine plants; Ocean
But the ocean also has its large radiate anemones, whose lustrous petals,
still more wonderful than those of the land, for they are endowed with
animal life, form the chief ornament of the crystal tide-pools, or of the
sheltered basins of our rock-bound shores.
More than twenty species of these marine flowers, many of them displaying
a gorgeous wreath of richly coloured tentacles, are denizens of the
British waters; but the finest and largest are found along the margin of
the equatorial ocean, where they occasionally measure a foot in diameter.
Their tints are as various as the arrangement of their prehensile crown;
fiery red and apple-green, yellow and white as driven snow. Sometimes the
tentacles form a gorgon's head of long thick worms, clothed in satin and
velvet, and sometimes a thicket of delicate filaments.
Nothing seems more inoffensive than a sea-anemone expanding its disc in
the tranquil waters, but woe to the wandering annelide, to the shrimp, or
whelk, or nimble entomostracon, that comes within reach of its urticating
tentacles, for, plunged into a fatal lethargy, it is soon hurried to
the gaping mouth of its voracious enemy, ever ready to engulf it in a
living tomb. The morsel thus swallowed is retained in the stomach for
ten or twelve hours, when the undigested remains are regurgitated,
enveloped in a glairy fluid, not unlike the white of an egg. The size of
the prey is frequently in unseemly disproportion to the preyer, being
often equal in bulk to itself. Thus Dr. Johnstone mentions a specimen of
_Actinia crassicornis_, that might have been originally two inches in
diameter, and that had somehow contrived to swallow a scallop-valve of
the size of an ordinary saucer. The shell fixed within the stomach was
so placed as to divide it completely into two halves, so that the body,
stretched tensely over, had become thin and flattened like a pancake.
All communication between the inferior portion of the stomach and the
mouth was of course prevented; yet instead of emaciating and dying of an
atrophy, the animal had availed itself of what undoubtedly had been a
very untoward accident to increase its enjoyments and chances of double
fare. A new mouth, furnished with two rows of numerous tentacula, was
opened upon what had been the base, and led to the under stomach; the
individual had indeed become a sort of Siamese twin, but with greater
intimacy and extent in its unions.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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